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Expeditions in Antarctica before the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration, 1897 1780s to 1839 – American and British whalers and sealers make incidental discoveries. 1819 – William Smith discovers South Shetland Islands ( 62°00′S 58°00′W / 62.000°S 58.000°W / -62.000; -58.000 ), the first land discovered south of 60 ...
[3] [1] Smith interpreted this as referring to the ice floes and icebergs in the Southern Ocean, due to the ice floes being similar to arrowroot powder (referring to Tacca leontopetaloides, Polynesian arrowroot). [1] This has led others to conclude that Ui-te-Rangiora was the first person to discover Antarctica. [1] [4]
Left to right: Roald Amundsen, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel and Oscar Wisting after first reaching the South Pole on 16 December 1911. The Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration was an era in the exploration of the continent of Antarctica which began at the end of the 19th century, and ended after the First World War; the Shackleton–Rowett Expedition of 1921–1922 is often cited by historians ...
The history of Antarctica emerges from early Western theories of a vast continent, known as Terra Australis, believed to exist in the far south of the globe. The term Antarctic , referring to the opposite of the Arctic Circle , was coined by Marinus of Tyre in the 2nd century AD.
The colder, stabler East Antarctica had been experiencing cooling until the 2000s. [22] [23] Around Antarctica, the Southern Ocean has absorbed more oceanic heat than any other ocean, [24] and has seen strong warming at depths below 2,000 m (6,600 ft). [25]: 1230 Around the West Antarctic, the ocean has warmed by 1 °C (1.8 °F) since 1955. [21]
Captain John Davis (born 1784 in Surrey, England) was an American sailor and seal hunter from Connecticut, United States. [1] It is thought that he may have been the first person to set foot on Antarctica, on 7 February 1821, shortly after the first sightings of the new continent, all in 1820, by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev on (28 January), Edward Bransfield on (30 ...
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The crew worked around the clock for 3 days. Earthrace was put back into the water with what Bethune described as "the ugliest composite repair" he'd ever seen. [citation needed] The crew continued on their voyage towards their finish line in Spain. [11] Bethune finished at the Spanish port of Sagunto on 27 June. The journey was completed in 60 ...