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Wheeled British WWII Scammell Pioneer towing an 8-inch howitzer Tracked Finnish WWII Komsomolets (captured from USSR) Half-tracked German Sd.Kfz. 7 towing an 8.8cm Flak. An artillery tractor, also referred to as a gun tractor, is a specialized heavy-duty form of tractor unit used to tow artillery pieces of varying weights and calibres.
Introduced after WWII, the M5A2 high-speed tractor and M5A3 high-speed tractor were updated M5s and M5A1s with a horizontal volute spring suspension system instead of the original vertical volute spring suspension and new tracks that were 21 inches (53 cm) wide compared to the older tracks that were 11.625 inches (295.3 mm) wide.
The M6 high-speed tractor was an artillery tractor used by the US Army during World War II. Manufactured by Allis-Chalmers , it was used to tow heavy artillery pieces, such as the 8-inch Gun M1 and 240 mm howitzer M1 .
The M4 high-speed tractor used M5 Stuart tracks, roadwheels, and drive sprocket. However, the suspension was of the HVSS type, first introduced on a light tank T6 project in 1938. One variant was designed to tow the 90 mm anti-aircraft gun , and another was for the 155 mm gun or 8-inch howitzer . [ 1 ]
The T-20 tractor was used by the Red Army during the Soviet invasion of Poland, the Winter War and during World War II. During Operation Barbarossa, some T-20 tractors were used as armored fighting vehicles, though after 1941 they were used only as artillery tractors. Both Finland and Nazi Germany used captured vehicles.
The Morris Commercial C8 FAT (Field Artillery Tractor), commonly known as a (Beetle-back) Quad, is an artillery tractor used by the British and Commonwealth (including Canadian forces), during the Second World War. [1] [2] It was used to tow field artillery pieces, such as the 25-pounder gun-howitzer, and anti-tank guns, such as the 17-pounder.
Pioneer artillery tractors in the London Victory Parade, June 1946. Introduced in 1935, the Pioneer R100 heavy artillery tractor was used throughout World War II to tow medium and heavy artillery pieces. It had accommodation for the gun's crew, tools, equipment, and ammunition.
In 1943, the Ministry of Supply asked Vauxhall Motors to construct a three-quarter tracked vehicle using a similar track and rear suspension system to that of the Sd.Kfz.7 medium artillery tractors. To this end a number of captured half-tracks were shipped back to Britain from Libya.