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Wheeled British WWII Scammell Pioneer towing an 8-inch howitzer Tracked Finnish WWII Komsomolets (captured from USSR) Half-tracked German Sd.Kfz. 7 towing an 8.8cm Flak. An artillery tractor, also referred to as a gun tractor, is a specialized heavy-duty form of tractor unit used to tow artillery pieces of varying weights and calibres.
The design of the M5 high-speed tractor was standardized in October 1942, with production being undertaken by International Harvester, the design was to evolve into five marks. The M5 was accepted into US Army service as the standard gun tractor used to tow the 105 mm Howitzer M2, the 4.5-inch gun M1 and the 155 mm howitzer M1.
Preserved Matador artillery tractor, Beltring 2011. Over 9,600 Matadors were built, [3] some going to the Royal Air Force (RAF). For the British Army, it fulfilled a role between field artillery tractors (FATs) such as the Morris C8 Quad, which towed smaller guns such as the 25-pounder gun-howitzer, and the Scammell Pioneer, used for towing the 7.2-inch howitzer.
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The R.6.T began as an artillery tractor developed by the British Four Wheel Drive Lorry Company (FWD England) of Slough.. FWD began in 1921 as a British subsidiary of the US Four Wheel Drive Auto Company, refurbishing and reselling war-surplus FWD Model B trucks, nearly three thousand of which had been purchased by the British Army during the First World War.
The M4 high-speed tractor used M5 Stuart tracks, roadwheels, and drive sprocket. However, the suspension was of the HVSS type, first introduced on a light tank T6 project in 1938. One variant was designed to tow the 90 mm anti-aircraft gun , and another was for the 155 mm gun or 8-inch howitzer . [ 1 ]
The tractor was designed to tow light artillery pieces such as the 45mm anti-tank gun and the 120mm heavy mortar. The tractor could tow the weapons themselves plus a small quantity of ammunition, usually towed in a limber, along with up to six crewmen. Occasionally, two limbers were towed to increase the ammunition supply.
The CMP FAT (Field Artillery Tractor), was a Canadian Military Pattern vehicle manufactured by Ford and Chevrolet. The FAT was an artillery tractor of the British and Commonwealth forces during World War II. Several models were produced by the two manufactures as CGT (Chevrolet Gun Tractor) and FGT (Ford Gun Tractor).