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On the City of God Against the Pagans (Latin: De civitate Dei contra paganos), often called The City of God, is a book of Christian philosophy written in Latin by Augustine of Hippo in the early 5th century AD.
Pelagianism shaped Augustine's ideas in opposition to his own on free will, grace, and original sin, [67] [68] [69] and much of The City of God is devoted to countering Pelagian arguments. [70] Another major difference in the two thinkers was that Pelagius emphasized obedience to God for fear of hell, which Augustine considered servile.
[14] Not only does Confessions glorify God but it also suggests God's help in Augustine's path to redemption. Written after the legalization of Christianity, Confessions dated from an era where martyrdom was no longer a threat to most Christians as was the case two centuries earlier. Instead, a Christian's struggles were usually internal.
He wrote his autobiographical Confessions in 397–398. His work The City of God was written to console his fellow Christians shortly after the Visigoths had sacked Rome in 410. [97] Augustine worked tirelessly to convince the people of Hippo to convert to Christianity.
Volume I. Prolegomena: St. Augustine's Life and Work, Confessions, Letters; Volume II. The City of God, Christian Doctrine; Volume III. On the Holy Trinity, Doctrinal Treatises, Moral Treatises On the Trinity. The Enchiridion. On the Catechising of the Uninstructed. A Treatise on Faith and the Creed. Concerning Faith of Things Not Seen.
His two major works, Confessions and City of God, develop key ideas regarding his response to suffering. In Confessions, Augustine wrote that his previous work was dominated by materialism and that reading Plato's works enabled him to consider the existence of a non-physical substance.
Apart from those, Augustine is probably best known for his Confessions, which is a personal account of his earlier life, and for De civitate dei (The City of God, consisting of 22 books), which he wrote to restore the confidence of his fellow Christians, which was badly shaken by the sack of Rome by the Visigoths in 410.
In 421 [54] Augustine altered the text to read "all who are saved" meaning those who are saved are only saved by God's will, which he repeats the next year. [55] People fail to be saved, "not because they do not will it, but because God does not". [56] Despite their certain damnation, God makes other Christians desire their impossible salvation ...