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This article covers the history of Italy as a monarchy and in the World Wars.The Kingdom of Italy (Italian: Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 17 March 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 2 June 1946, when civil discontent led to an institutional referendum to abandon the monarchy and form the modern Italian Republic.
Surrender of Caserta, whereby the German forces in Italy surrender, ending the Italian Campaign of World War II and the Italian Civil War. 10 December: Alcide De Gasperi becomes prime minister, holding the office until 1953. He is one of the Founding Fathers of the European Union and the first republican prime minister of Italy. 1946: 22 April
While a laborious administrative unification began, a first Italian parliament was elected and, on 17 March 1861, Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed king of Italy. [11] From 1861 to 1946, Italy was a constitutional monarchy founded on the Albertine Statute, named after the king who promulgated it in 1848, Charles Albert of Sardinia.
The final Allied victory over the Axis in Italy did not come until the spring offensive of 1945, after Allied troops had breached the Gothic Line, leading to the surrender of German and Fascist forces in Italy on 2 May shortly before Germany finally surrendered ending World War II in Europe on 8 May. It is estimated that between September 1943 ...
The Kingdom of Italy (Italian: Regno d'Italia, Italian: [ˈreɲɲo diˈtaːlja]) was a state that existed from 17 March 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 10 June 1946, when the monarchy was abolished, following civil discontent that led to an institutional referendum on 2 June 1946.
From 1861 to 1946, 30 men served as prime ministers, leading 67 governments in total. [ 7 ] After the abolition of the Kingdom of Italy in 1946 and the proclamation of the Italian Republic , the office was established by Articles 92 through 96 of the Constitution of Italy .
On 16 March 1946, Prince Umberto decreed, as expected in 1944, that the question of the institutional form of the state would be decided by a referendum organized simultaneously with the election of a constituent assembly. The date was set for 2 June 1946. [d] The Supreme Court of Cassation was responsible for examining the appeals. Its role ...
The following articles cover the modern history of Italy: Italian unification (1815–1861) History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946) Italian Fascism; Italian Colonial Empire; History of the Italian Republic (1945 to present) Years of Lead (Italy) (1969–1988) Berlusconi era (2001 to present)