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The innate immune system or nonspecific immune system [1] is one of the two main immunity strategies in vertebrates (the other being the adaptive immune system). The innate immune system is an alternate defense strategy and is the dominant immune system response found in plants, fungi, prokaryotes, and invertebrates (see Beyond vertebrates). [2 ...
The immune system has innate and adaptive components. Innate immunity is present in all metazoans, [1] immune responses: inflammatory responses and phagocytosis. [2] The adaptive component, on the other hand, involves more advanced lymphatic cells that can distinguish between specific "non-self" substances in the presence of "self".
The immune system, particularly the innate component, plays a decisive role in tissue repair after an insult. Key actors include macrophages and neutrophils , but other cellular actors, including γδ T cells , innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), and regulatory T cells (Tregs), are also important.
Messengers between innate and adaptive immune system [12] [13] B cell: Lymphocyte: B cell: B lymphocyte; Lymphocytus B; 8-10 Produces antibody molecules [14] [4] Plasma cell: Lymphocyte: B cell: Plasma B cells; Effector B cells; Plasmocytus; 8-10 Active B cells that produces large amounts of antibodies [4] [15] Memory B cell: Lymphocyte: B cell ...
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING), also known as transmembrane protein 173 (TMEM173) and MPYS/MITA/ERIS is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STING1 gene. [5] STING plays an important role in innate immunity.
The disulfide linkages formed by the cysteines have been suggested to be essential for activities related to innate immunity in mammals, but are not necessarily required for antimicrobial activity. [17] [18] Theta defensins form a single beta-hairpin structure and represent a distinct group. Only alpha and beta-defensins are expressed in humans ...
Phagocytes form part of the innate immune system, which animals, including humans, are born with. Innate immunity is very effective but non-specific in that it does ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to immunology: . Immunology – study of all aspects of the immune system in all organisms. [1] It deals with the physiological functioning of the immune system in states of both health and disease; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders (autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, immune deficiency ...