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In World War I, Albania had been an independent state, having gained independence from the Ottoman Empire on 28 November 1912, during the First Balkan War.It was recognised by the Great Powers as the Principality of Albania, after the Ottoman Empire officially renounced all its rights in May 1913. [1]
During the Balkan Wars, numerous atrocities were committed against the Albanian population in the territories occupied by the Balkan League, typically by Serbian and Montenegrin forces. According to contemporary accounts, around 25,000 Albanians were killed during the first half of the First Balkan War, before violence climaxed.
During the latter part of 1914, Montenegro, Greece, and Italy initiated the first foreign military interventions in Albania since the start of World War I. Because the Great Powers were already preoccupied with the war, they were in much less of a state to actively guarantee any protection of Albanian territory. [31]
[1] [2] During the 1912–13 First Balkan War, Serbia and Montenegro committed a number of war crimes against the Albanian population after expelling Ottoman Empire forces from present-day Albania, Kosovo, and North Macedonia, which were reported by the European, American and Serbian opposition press. [3]
Venetian-Albanian War (1392) Princedom of Albania: Republic of Venice: Defeat. Venice invades and successfully captures Durrës from the Princedom. Albanian-Epirote War of 1399-1400 (April 1399 – July 1400) [citation needed] Albanian Zenebishi Family. Principality of Gjirokastër; Despotate of Epirus Pro-Epirote Albanian Clans Victory
The Kingdom of Serbia occupied most of the Albanian-inhabited lands including Albania's Adriatic coast. Serbian Gen. Božidar Janković was the Commander of the Serbian Third Army during the military campaign in Albania. The Serbian army met with strong Albanian guerrilla resistance, led by Isa Boletini, Azem Galica and other
The Great Retreat, also known in Serbian historiography as the Albanian Golgotha [4] (Serbian: Албанска голгота, Albanska golgota), refers to the retreat of the Royal Serbian Army through the mountains of Albania during the 1915–16 winter of World War I.
Albanian soldiers during the Vlora war,1920. After World War I, Albania was still under the occupation of Serbian and Italian forces. It was a rebellion of the respective populations of Northern and Southern Albania that pushed back the Serbs and Italians behind the recognized borders of Albania.