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It is believed to be caused by defects of genes on chromosome 3 and 18. One form of Seckel syndrome can be caused by mutation in the gene encoding the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein which maps to chromosome 3q22.1–q24. This gene is central in the cell's DNA damage response and repair mechanism. Types include:
Laron syndrome (LS), also known as growth hormone insensitivity or growth hormone receptor deficiency (GHRD), is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a lack of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1; somatomedin-C) production in response to growth hormone (GH; hGH; somatotropin). [6]
Dwarfism is a condition of people and animals marked by unusually small size or short stature. [1] In humans, it is sometimes defined as an adult height of less than 147 centimetres (4 ft 10 in), regardless of sex; the average adult height among people with dwarfism is 120 centimetres (4 ft).
It is thought that chondrodystrophy [2] is caused by an autosomal, recessive allele.To avoid a potential "lethal dose", both parents can be genetically tested.If a child is conceived with another carrier the outcome may be lethal, or the child may suffer from chondrodystrophy or dwarfism. [3]
Achondroplasia is a genetic disorder with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance whose primary feature is dwarfism. [3] It is the most common cause of dwarfism [4] and affects about 1 in 27,500 people. [3] In those with the condition, the arms and legs are short, while the torso is typically of normal length. [3]
Dwarfism, low-birth-weight type with unresponsiveness to growth hormone is a very rare genetic disorder which is characterized by developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, and other anomalies. Only 2 cases have been described in medical literature.
She wrote in Big Issue North: “Often referred to by people with dwarfism as the m-word, it is a term derived from the word midge, meaning gnat or sandfly. “Its origin automatically dehumanises ...
Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (JMC) is a disease that results from ligand-independent activation of the type 1 of the parathyroid hormone receptor, due to one of three reported mutations (activating mutation). [1] JMC is extremely rare, and as of 2007 there are fewer than 20 reported cases worldwide.