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The crocodile icefish or white-blooded fish comprise a family (Channichthyidae) of notothenioid fish found in the Southern Ocean around Antarctica. They are the only known vertebrates to lack hemoglobin in their blood as adults. [ 2 ]
Antarctic fish fit these criteria with modifications in swim bladders, development of AFGPs, loss of HSPs and modifications in oxygen transport while inhabiting the same geographic area. Antarctic fish speciation coincides with the separation of Antarctica from Gondwana, a continent composed of Antarctica, Australia, South America and Africa.
Nototheniidae species are largely found in the Southern Ocean and are particularly abundant off the shores of Antarctica. [7] As the dominant Antarctic fish taxa, they occupy both sea-bottom and water-column ecological niches. [8] Nototheniidae is a family of teleost fishes found mainly in the Southern Ocean, surrounding the continent of ...
The blackfin icefish belongs to Notothenioidei, a suborder of fishes that accounts for 90% of the fish fauna on the Antarctic continental shelf. [3] Icefishes, also called white-blooded fishes, are a unique family in that they are the only known vertebrates to lack haemoglobin , making their blood oxygen carrying capacity just 10% that of other ...
The ocellated icefish (Chionodraco rastrospinosus) is a fish of the family Channichthyidae. [3] [4] It lives in the cold waters off Antarctica and is known for having transparent haemoglobin-free blood. [5] [6] C. rastrospinosus live in the Southern Ocean up to a depth of 1 km. They are most commonly found on the seabed at 200–400 m.
The Southern Ocean has supported fish habitats for 400 million years; however, modern notothenioids likely appeared sometime after the Eocene epoch. [3] This period marked the cooling of the Southern Ocean, resulting in the stable, frigid conditions that have persisted to the present day. [3]
Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefish or white-blooded fish of the Antarctic region, so-named for their cold habitat and clear (colorless) blood without hemoglobin Jonah's icefish (Neopagetopsis ionah), of the Southern Ocean; Nototheniidae, the cod icefish or notothens of the Antarctic region, whose members have red, hemoglobin-rich blood
Cryodraco antarcticus feeds on fishes and krill (studies from 1982 to 1984 revealed mostly fishes and Antarctic krill).The larvae have a long late winter pelagic phase. [1] It is closely related to the blackfin icefish (Chaenocephalus aceratus) but differs in a number of meristic characteristics.