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  2. Star formation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_formation

    Observations indicate that the coldest clouds tend to form low-mass stars, which are first observed via the infrared light they emit inside the clouds, and then as visible light when the clouds dissipate. Giant molecular clouds, which are generally warmer, produce stars of all masses. [7]

  3. Stellar evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_evolution

    Representative lifetimes of stars as a function of their masses The change in size with time of a Sun-like star Artist's depiction of the life cycle of a Sun-like star, starting as a main-sequence star at lower left then expanding through the subgiant and giant phases, until its outer envelope is expelled to form a planetary nebula at upper right Chart of stellar evolution

  4. Stellar nucleosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_nucleosynthesis

    Later in its life, a low-mass star will slowly eject its atmosphere via stellar wind, forming a planetary nebula, while a higher–mass star will eject mass via a sudden catastrophic event called a supernova. The term supernova nucleosynthesis is used to describe the creation of elements during the explosion of a massive star or white dwarf.

  5. Star - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star

    The luminosity of a star is the amount of light and other forms of radiant energy it radiates per unit of time. It has units of power. The luminosity of a star is determined by its radius and surface temperature. Many stars do not radiate uniformly across their entire surface.

  6. Starlight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starlight

    The interstellar medium can produce circularly polarized (CP) light from unpolarized light by sequential scattering from elongated interstellar grains aligned in different directions. One possibility is twisted grain alignment along the line of sight due to variation in the galactic magnetic field; another is the line of sight passes through ...

  7. Supernova - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supernova

    It would arise when a star "in the transitional range (~8 to 10 solar masses) between white dwarf formation and iron core-collapse supernovae", and with a degenerate O+Ne+Mg core, [139] imploded after its core ran out of nuclear fuel, causing gravity to compress the electrons in the star's core into their atomic nuclei, [140] [141] leading to a ...

  8. List of light sources - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_light_sources

    This is a list of sources of light, the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum.Light sources produce photons from another energy source, such as heat, chemical reactions, or conversion of mass or a different frequency of electromagnetic energy, and include light bulbs and stars like the Sun. Reflectors (such as the moon, cat's eyes, and mirrors) do not actually produce the light that ...

  9. Emission nebula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emission_nebula

    The radiation emitted by cooler stars is generally not energetic enough to ionize hydrogen, which results in the reflection nebulae around these stars giving off less light than the emission nebulae. The nebula's color depends on its chemical composition and degree of ionization.