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The encomienda system was generally replaced by the crown-managed repartimiento system throughout Spanish America after mid-sixteenth century. [8] Like the encomienda, the new repartimiento did not include the attribution of land to anyone, rather only the allotment of native workers. But they were directly allotted to the Crown, who, through a ...
The encomienda was a system that interchanged a person's work for military protection by a higher authority. It had been part of the Castilian legal system since the Reconquista. Given the limited size of the Crown's army, this system allowed nobles or warlords to trade protection for the labor of persons under their purview.
In addition to the encomienda system, the aggressive implementation of missions and their forcible establishment of reductions and congregations led to resistance and sometimes revolt in the native populations being colonized.
The system of "Encomienda" gave place to many insurrections of the natives. It was not until the Missions were established that there was a real improvement in the living conditions of the natives. The first Jesuits arrived in Tucumán in 1586 and in 1587, by request of the Asunción's Bishop, Alonso Guerra.
One tool was the encomienda system; [18] [19] [20] new encomiendas were outlawed in the New Laws of 1542, but old ones continued, and the 1542 restriction was revoked in 1545. [21] [22] As the demand for labor in the West Indies grew with the cultivation of sugarcane, Europeans exported enslaved Native Americans to the "sugar islands".
An encomienda in Peru was a reward offered to each of the men under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro who began the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire in 1532. In the early colonial period of the New World, land had little economic value without labor to exploit it.
"Wild Men" depicted on the facade of the Colegio de San Gregorio Church of San Pablo, adjacent to Colegio de San Gregorio.. The Valladolid debate (1550–1551 in Spanish La Junta de Valladolid or La Controversia de Valladolid) was the first moral debate in European history to discuss the rights and treatment of Indigenous people by European colonizers.
With the New Laws of 1542, the repartimiento was instated to substitute the encomienda system that had come to be seen as abusive and promoting of unethical behavior. The Spanish Crown aimed to remove control of the indigenous population, now considered subjects of the Crown, from the hands of the encomenderos, who had become a politically influential and wealthy class, with the shift away ...