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Depending on the method, the crafter may use rustproof pins, blocking wires, blocking combs, wool wash, a wash basing or sink, a spray bottle, a steamer, or a steam iron. [ 4 ] [ 2 ] A stable flat surface, measuring tape , and towels are standard and some prefer to also use blocking mats or a blocking board. [ 4 ]
Textile testing assists textile production in selecting various types of fibers and their transformation into yarn, fabric, and finished goods such as clothing. The materials are evaluated at multiple stages of production to qualify, compare, and standardize to meet the norms of different production stages and consumer requirements .
Textile fibres or textile fibers (see spelling differences) can be created from many natural sources (animal hair or fur, cocoons as with silk worm cocoons), as well as semisynthetic methods that use naturally occurring polymers, and synthetic methods that use polymer-based materials, and even minerals such as metals to make foils and wires.
Fabric quality addresses fabric-related issues. Fabric inspection is a step of visual examination apart from the performance criteria; It finds various flaws and irregularities. Accordingly, it grades the fabrics as per quality level, fabric weight, shading color, number, and size of the defects.
A textile sample is a piece of cloth or fabric designed to represent a larger whole. A small sample, usually taken from existing fabric, is called a swatch , whilst a larger sample, made as a trial to test print production methods, is called a strike off .
The primary method of determining a fiber type is through polarized light microscopy. Simple compound microscopes, solubility, and chemical tests can also be employed. [6] The Museum of Fine Arts Boston created a Conservation & Art Materials Encyclopedia Online that includes a fiber reference image library that can aid in fiber identification. [7]
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Slip stitch – form of blind stitch for fastening two pieces of fabric together from the right side without the thread showing; Stoating – used to join two pieces of woven material, such that the resulting stitches are not visible from the right side of the cloth; Straight stitch – the basic stitch in hand-sewing and embroidery