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A finite-state machine (FSM) or finite-state automaton (FSA, plural: automata), finite automaton, or simply a state machine, is a mathematical model of computation.It is an abstract machine that can be in exactly one of a finite number of states at any given time.
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In computation, a finite-state machine (FSM) is event driven if the transition from one state to another is triggered by an event or a message.This is in contrast to the parsing-theory origins of the term finite-state machine where the machine is described as consuming characters or tokens.
An example of a deterministic finite automaton that accepts only binary numbers that are multiples of 3. The state S 0 is both the start state and an accept state. For example, the string "1001" leads to the state sequence S 0, S 1, S 2, S 1, S 0, and is hence accepted.
An automaton with a finite number of states is called a finite automaton (FA) or finite-state machine (FSM). The figure on the right illustrates a finite-state machine, which is a well-known type of automaton. This automaton consists of states (represented in the figure by circles) and transitions (represented by arrows).
By finding the intersection of two finite state machines, one can design in a very simple manner concurrent systems that exchange messages for instance. For example, a traffic light is a system that consists of multiple subsystems, such as the different traffic lights, that work concurrently.
A directed graph. A classic form of state diagram for a finite automaton (FA) is a directed graph with the following elements (Q, Σ, Z, δ, q 0, F): [2] [3]. Vertices Q: a finite set of states, normally represented by circles and labeled with unique designator symbols or words written inside them
In an extended finite state machine (EFSM) model, the transition can be expressed by an “if statement” consisting of a set of trigger conditions. If trigger conditions are all satisfied, the transition is fired, bringing the machine from the current state to the next state and performing the specified data operations .