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Because dislocations make the knee unstable, 15% of patellas will re-dislocate. [27] Patellar dislocations often occur when the knee is in full extension and sustains a trauma from the lateral to medial side. [28] Elbow: Posterior dislocation, 90% of all elbow dislocations [29] Wrist: Lunate and Perilunate dislocation most common [30]
Orthopedic surgery attempts to recreate the normal anatomy of the fractured bone by reduction of the displacement. [citation needed] This sense of the term "reduction" does not imply any sort of removal or quantitative decrease but rather implies a restoration: re ("back [to initial position]") + ducere ("lead"/"bring"), i.e., "bringing back to ...
Cunningham shoulder reduction was originally published in 2003 [1] and is an anatomically based method of shoulder reduction that utilizes positioning (analgesic position), voluntary scapular retraction, and bicipital massage. It is designed for true anterior/subcoracoid glenohumeral dislocations in patients who can fully adduct their humerus. [2]
Treatment is by reduction. [2] Moving the forearm into a palms down position with straightening at the elbow appears to be more effective than moving it into a palms up position followed by bending at the elbow. [1] [4] [5] Following a successful reduction the child should return to normal within a few minutes. [1] A pulled elbow is common. [2]
distal radius fracture with ulnar dislocation and entrapment of styloid process under annular ligament: Moore's fracture at TheFreeDictionary.com: Pipkin fracture-dislocation: G. Pipkin: posterior dislocation of hip with avulsion fracture of fragment of femoral head by the ligamentum teres: impact to the knee with the hip flexed (dashboard injury)
Closed reduction with percutaneous pinning has low complication rates. Closed reduction can be done by applying traction along the long axis of the humerus with elbow in slight flexion. Full extension of the elbow is not recommended because the neurovascular structures can hook around the proximal fragment of the humerus.
Osteosynthesis (open reduction and internal fixation) of the ulnar shaft is considered the standard of care in adults. It promotes stability of the radial head dislocation and allows very early mobilisation to prevent stiffness. [5] The elbow joint is particularly susceptible to loss of motion. [citation needed]
Shoulder reduction is the process of returning the shoulder to its normal position following a shoulder dislocation.Normally, closed reduction, in which the relationship of bone and joint is manipulated externally without surgical intervention, is used.
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