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The Hawkins–Kennedy Test is a test used in the evaluation of orthopedic shoulder injury. It was first described in the 1980s by Canadians R. Hawkins and J. Kennedy, and a positive test is most likely indicative of damage to the tendon of the supraspinatus muscle. [1] [2]
A meta-analysis in 2008 concluded that the diagnostic accuracy of individual tests in the shoulder examination was limited, specifically that the Hawkins–Kennedy test and the Speed test have no discriminatory ability to diagnose specific shoulder pathology, and that results of studies evaluating other tests were too statistically ...
However, imaging studies are unable to show cause of shoulder pain in diagnosing. For example, MRI imaging would show rotator cuff pathology and bursitis but is unable to specify the cause. [15] On physical exam, the physician may twist or elevate the patient's arm to test for reproducible pain (the Neer sign and Hawkins-Kennedy test).
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The Neer impingement test is a test designed to reproduce symptoms of rotator cuff impingement through flexing the shoulder and pressure application. Symptoms should be reproduced if there is a problem with the supraspinatus or biceps brachii. [1] This test is also associated with the Hawkins-Kennedy Test and Jobe's Test. [2]
The Hawkins-Kennedy test [11] [12] has a sensitivity of approximately 80% to 90% for detecting impingement. The infraspinatus and supraspinatus [13] tests have a specificity of 80% to 90%. [10] A common cause of shoulder pain in rotator cuff impingement syndrome is tendinosis, which is an age-related and most often self-limiting condition. [14]
Allis test; Apley grind test; Apley scratch test; Barlow's maneuver; Clarke's test; Cozen's test; Cotton test; Durkan's test; Finkelstein's test; Froment's sign; Jobe's test; Kapandji score; Gaenslen's test; Galeazzi test; Gerber's test; Hawkins–Kennedy test; Hubscher's maneuver; Lachman test; Lasègue's sign; McMurray test; Mulder's sign ...
Instructions: Perform four sets of 10 to 12 reps for each exercise, resting for 60 seconds between each set and exercises to give your muscles enough time to recover without losing momentum.Choose ...