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  2. Ribbon diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribbon_diagram

    Ribbon diagram of myoglobin bound to haem (sticks) and oxygen (red spheres) (Ribbon diagrams, also known as Richardson diagrams, are 3D schematic representations of protein structure and are one of the most common methods of protein depiction used today. The ribbon depicts the general course and organisation of the protein backbone in 3D and ...

  3. Protein topology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_topology

    In biology literature, the term topology is also used to refer to mutual orientation of regular secondary structures, such as alpha-helices and beta strands in protein structure [3]. For example, two adjacent interacting alpha-helices or beta-strands can go in the same or in opposite directions.

  4. Protein primary structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_primary_structure

    Protein primary structure is the linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide or protein. [1] By convention, the primary structure of a protein is reported starting from the amino-terminal (N) end to the carboxyl-terminal (C) end. Protein biosynthesis is most commonly performed by ribosomes in cells. Peptides can also be synthesized in the ...

  5. Protein structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_structure

    The aim of most protein structure databases is to organize and annotate the protein structures, providing the biological community access to the experimental data in a useful way. Data included in protein structure databases often includes 3D coordinates as well as experimental information, such as unit cell dimensions and angles for x-ray ...

  6. Ramachandran plot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramachandran_plot

    In biochemistry, a Ramachandran plot (also known as a Rama plot, a Ramachandran diagram or a [φ,ψ] plot), originally developed in 1963 by G. N. Ramachandran, C. Ramakrishnan, and V. Sasisekharan, [1] is a way to visualize energetically allowed regions for backbone dihedral angles ( also called as torsional angles , phi and psi angles ) ψ ...

  7. Molecular graphics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_graphics

    The first practical use of molecular graphics was a simple display of the protein myoglobin using a wireframe representation in 1966 by Cyrus Levinthal and Robert Langridge working at Project MAC. [7] Among the milestones in high-performance molecular graphics was the work of Nelson Max in "realistic" rendering of macromolecules using ...

  8. Circuit topology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_topology

    Circuit topology splits any entangled chains (including prime knots) into basic structural units called soft contacts, and lists simple rules on how soft contacts can be put together. [3] [4] An advantage of circuit topology is that it can be applied to open linear chains with intra-chain interactions, so-called hard contacts. [5]

  9. Beta hairpin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_hairpin

    The beta hairpin (sometimes also called beta-ribbon or beta-beta unit) is a simple protein structural motif involving two beta strands that look like a hairpin. The motif consists of two strands that are adjacent in primary structure , oriented in an antiparallel direction (the N-terminus of one sheet is adjacent to the C-terminus of the next ...