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High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) is a computer memory interface for 3D-stacked synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM) initially from Samsung, AMD and SK Hynix.It is used in conjunction with high-performance graphics accelerators, network devices, high-performance datacenter AI ASICs, as on-package cache in CPUs [1] and on-package RAM in upcoming CPUs, and FPGAs and in some supercomputers ...
Network Device Interface (NDI) is a software specification developed by the technology company NewTek.It enables high-definition video to be transmitted, received, and communicated over a computer network with low latency and high quality.
The earliest academic publication of trace cache was "Trace Cache: a Low Latency Approach to High Bandwidth Instruction Fetching". [1] This widely acknowledged paper was presented by Eric Rotenberg, Steve Bennett, and Jim Smith at 1996 International Symposium on Microarchitecture (MICRO) conference.
Others expected that InfiniBand will keep offering a higher bandwidth and lower latency than what is possible over Ethernet. [17] The technical differences between the RoCE and InfiniBand protocols are: Link Level Flow Control: InfiniBand uses a credit-based algorithm to guarantee lossless HCA-to-HCA communication. RoCE runs on top of Ethernet.
In data communications, the bandwidth-delay product is the product of a data link's capacity (in bits per second) and its round-trip delay time (in seconds). [1] The result, an amount of data measured in bits (or bytes), is equivalent to the maximum amount of data on the network circuit at any given time, i.e., data that has been transmitted but not yet acknowledged.
InfiniBand (IB) is a computer networking communications standard used in high-performance computing that features very high throughput and very low latency.It is used for data interconnect both among and within computers.
The speed of light imposes a minimum propagation time on all electromagnetic signals. It is not possible to reduce the latency below = / where s is the distance and c m is the speed of light in the medium (roughly 200,000 km/s for most fiber or electrical media, depending on their velocity factor).
For example, a single link PCIe 3.0 interface has an 8 Gbit/s transfer rate, yet its usable bandwidth is only about 7.88 Gbit/s. z Uses 8b/10b encoding , meaning that 20% of each transfer is used by the interface instead of carrying data from between the hardware components at each end of the interface.