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Right ventricular hypertrophy is the intermediate stage between increased right ventricular pressure (in the early stages) and right ventricle failure (in the later stages). [11] As such, management of right ventricular hypertrophy is about either preventing the development of right ventricular hypertrophy in the first place, or preventing the ...
Right heart strain (also right ventricular strain or RV strain) is a medical finding of right ventricular dysfunction [1] where the heart muscle of the right ventricle (RV) is deformed. [2] Right heart strain can be caused by pulmonary hypertension, [3] pulmonary embolism (or PE, which itself can cause pulmonary hypertension [4]), RV infarction ...
In addition, hypertension precedes heart failure in 90% of cases, [7] and the majority of heart failure in the elderly may be attributable to hypertension. [17] Hypertensive heart disease was estimated to be responsible for 1.0 million deaths worldwide in 2004 (or approximately 1.7% of all deaths globally), and was ranked 13th in the leading ...
The pathophysiology of pulmonary heart disease (cor pulmonale) has always indicated that an increase in right ventricular afterload causes RV failure (pulmonary vasoconstriction, anatomic disruption/pulmonary vascular bed and increased blood viscosity are usually involved [1]), however most of the time, the right ventricle adjusts to an overload in chronic pressure.
The underlying commonality in these disease states is an increase in pressures that the ventricles experience. For example, in tetralogy of Fallot, the right ventricle is exposed to the high pressures of the left heart due to a defect in the septum; as a result the right ventricle undergoes hypertrophy to compensate for these increased pressures.
A forceful apex beat indicates left ventricular pressure overload, while a right ventricular heave suggests right ventricular pressure overload. Other signs provide evidence for specific causes of pressure overload. Hypertension is diagnosed by sphygmomanometry. A narrow pulse pressure is a sign of aortic stenosis.
The right ventricle hypertrophies to compensate for this pulmonary hypertension, so the right ventricular pressure becomes higher than the pressure in the left ventricle. Because of this switch in the pressure gradient, blood starts flowing right to left, forming a right-to-left shunt.
Other recognised causes are: right ventricular failure, tricuspid regurgitation, and atrial septal defect. [1] Right atrial enlargement (RAE) is clinically significant due to its prevalence in diagnosing supraventricular arrhythmias.