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The earliest code used commercially on an electrical telegraph was the Cooke and Wheatstone telegraph five needle code (C&W5). This was first used on the Great Western Railway in 1838. C&W5 had the major advantage that the code did not need to be learned by the operator; the letters could be read directly off the display board.
Cooke and Wheatstone's five-needle telegraph from 1837 Morse telegraph Hughes telegraph, an early (1855) teleprinter built by Siemens and Halske. Electrical telegraphy is a point-to-point text messaging system, primarily used from the 1840s until the late 20th century.
The electric telegraph was slower to develop in France due to the established optical telegraph system, but an electrical telegraph was put into use with a code compatible with the Chappe optical telegraph. The Morse system was adopted as the international standard in 1865, using a modified Morse code developed in Germany in 1848. [1]
Operating signals are a type of brevity code used in operational communication among radio and telegraph operators. For example: Prosigns for Morse code; 92 Code: telegraph brevity codes; Q code: initially developed for commercial radiotelegraph communication and adopted by other radio services; QN Signals: published by the ARRL and used in ...
A telegraph key, clacker, tapper or morse key is a specialized electrical switch used by a trained operator to transmit text messages in Morse code in a telegraphy system. [1] Keys are used in all forms of electrical telegraph systems, including landline (also called wire) telegraphy and radio (also called wireless) telegraphy .
Baudot developed his first multiplexed telegraph in 1872 [2] [3] and patented it in 1874. [3] [4] In 1876, he changed from a six-bit code to a five-bit code, [3] as suggested by Carl Friedrich Gauss and Wilhelm Weber in 1834, [2] [5] with equal on and off intervals, which allowed for transmission of the Roman alphabet, and included punctuation and control signals.
A telegraphic code painted on a Mogo (Motor car goods van) Great Western Railway telegraphic codes were a commercial telegraph code used to shorten the telegraphic messages sent between the stations and offices of the railway. The codes listed below are taken from the 1939 edition of the Telegraph Message Code book [1] unless stated otherwise.
Although a few abbreviations (such as SX for "dollar") are carried over from former commercial telegraph codes, almost all Morse abbreviations are not commercial codes. From 1845 until well into the second half of the 20th century, commercial telegraphic code books were used to shorten telegrams, e.g. PASCOELA = "Locals have plundered everything from the wreck."