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The term panpsychism comes from the Greek pan (πᾶν: "all, everything, whole") and psyche (ψυχή: "soul, mind"). [7]: 1 The use of "psyche" is controversial because it is synonymous with "soul", a term usually taken to refer to something supernatural; more common terms now found in the literature include mind, mental properties, mental aspect, and experience.
Panpsychism is a class of theories that believe that all physical things are conscious. John Searle distinguished it from neutral monism as well as property dualism, which he identified as a form of dualism. [7] However, some neutral monist theories are panpsychist and some panpsychist theories are neutral monist. However, the two do not always ...
David Chalmers was born in Sydney, New South Wales, and subsequently grew up in Adelaide, South Australia, where he attended Unley High School. [6] As a child, he experienced synesthesia. [6] He began coding and playing computer games at the age of 10 on a PDP-10 at a medical center. [7]
Chalmers describes his overall view as "naturalistic dualism", [1] but he says panpsychism is in a sense a form of physicalism, [52] as does Strawson. [118] Proponents of panpsychism argue it solves the hard problem of consciousness parsimoniously by making consciousness a fundamental feature of reality.
The Extended Mind" by Andy Clark and David Chalmers (1998) [4] is the paper that originally stated the EMT. Clark and Chalmers present the idea of active externalism (not to be confused with semantic externalism), in which objects within the environment function as a part of the mind. They argue that the separation between the mind, the body ...
Phenomenal Judgements: A theory of consciousness should be able to dispel epiphenominalism [note 7] [16] without resorting to interactionism (a view which Chalmers rejects). [ 17 ] The Double-Aspect Principle : Some information must be realised both physically and phenomenologically (i.e., realised both in the mind and brain).
David Chalmers, who explores a double-aspect view of information, with similarities to Kenneth Sayre's information-based neutral monism J. A. Scott Kelso , The Complementary Nature (MIT Press, 2006) attempts to reconcile what it calls "the philosophy of complementary pairs" with the science of coordination dynamics.
Philosophical zombies are associated with David Chalmers, but it was philosopher Robert Kirk who first used the term "zombie" in this context, in 1974. Before that, Keith Campbell made a similar argument in his 1970 book Body and Mind, using the term "imitation man". [7] Chalmers further developed and popularized the idea in his work.