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A strain is a genetic variant or subtype of a microorganism (e.g., a virus, bacterium or fungus). For example, a "flu strain" is a certain biological form of the influenza or "flu" virus. These flu strains are characterized by their differing isoforms of surface proteins.
Bacterial taxonomy is the classification of strains within the domain Bacteria into hierarchies of similarity. This classification is similar to that of plants , mammals , and other taxonomies. However, biologists specializing in different areas have developed differing taxonomic conventions over time.
Because of their ability to quickly grow and the relative ease with which they can be manipulated, bacteria are the workhorses for the fields of molecular biology, genetics, and biochemistry. By making mutations in bacterial DNA and examining the resulting phenotypes, scientists can determine the function of genes, enzymes , and metabolic ...
Even within one species, different strains have different transformation efficiencies, sometimes different by three orders of magnitude. For instance, when S. cerevisiae strains were transformed with 10 ug of plasmid YEp13, the strain DKD-5D-H yielded between 550 and 3115 colonies while strain OS1 yielded fewer than five colonies. [54]
Nonpathogenic Escherichia coli strains normally found in the gastrointestinal tract have the ability to stimulate the immune response in humans, though further studies are needed to determine clinical applications. [4] A particular strain of bacteria can be nonpathogenic in one species but pathogenic in another. [5]
There has been evidence that the strain of bacteria could make a difference in how sick patients become. An earlier study linked infections with a certain strain, OspC type A, with greater ...
Escherichia coli is one of the most diverse bacterial species, with several pathogenic strains with different symptoms and with only 20% of the genome common to all strains. [1] Furthermore, from the evolutionary point of view, the members of genus Shigella ( dysenteriae , flexneri , boydii , sonnei ) are actually E. coli strains "in disguise ...
The strain appears to be unique to Los Angeles and has not been recorded anywhere else, said Dr. Shangxin Yang, a UCLA molecular biologist and clinical microbiologist who is a co-author of the ...