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In horology, a movement, also known as a caliber or calibre (British English), is the mechanism of a watch or timepiece, as opposed to the case, which encloses and protects the movement, and the face, which displays the time. The term originated with mechanical timepieces, whose clockwork movements are made of
Clockwork of mechanical Prim wrist watch. Clockwork refers to the inner workings of either mechanical devices called clocks and watches (where it is also called the movement) or other mechanisms that work similarly, using a series of gears driven by a spring or weight.
An uncoiled modern watch mainspring. Clock mainspring A pendulum wall clock movement showing the two mainsprings which power it. This is a striking clock which sounds the hours on a chime; one of the springs powers the timekeeping gear train while the other powers the striking train
This very clever and sophisticated clockwork is a prized complication in wristwatches, even though the natural movement of the wearer tends to smooth gravitational influences anyway. The most accurate commercially produced mechanical clock was the electromechanical Shortt-Synchronome free pendulum clock invented by W. H. Shortt in 1921, which ...
Watch movements are very standardized, and the wheel trains of most watches have the same parts. The wheel trains of clocks are a little more varied, with different numbers of wheels depending on the type of clock and how many hours the clock runs between windings (the "going"). [2]
The mechanism which runs a mechanical clock is called the movement. The movements of all mechanical pendulum clocks have these five parts: [27] A power source; either a weight on a cord or chain that turns a pulley or sprocket, or a mainspring. A gear train (wheel train) that steps up the speed of the power so that the pendulum can use it.
One candidate is the Dunstable Priory clock in Bedfordshire, England built in 1283, because accounts say it was installed above the rood screen, where it would be difficult to replenish the water needed for a water clock. [24] [11] Another is the clock built at the Palace of the Visconti, Milan, Italy, in 1335. [25]
The tower clock of Norwich Cathedral constructed c. 1273 (reference to a payment for a mechanical clock dated to this year) is the earliest such large clock known. The clock has not survived. [ 95 ] The first clock known to strike regularly on the hour, a clock with a verge and foliot mechanism, is recorded in Milan in 1336. [ 96 ]
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