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Range minimum query reduced to the lowest common ancestor problem.. Given an array A[1 … n] of n objects taken from a totally ordered set, such as integers, the range minimum query RMQ A (l,r) =arg min A[k] (with 1 ≤ l ≤ k ≤ r ≤ n) returns the position of the minimal element in the specified sub-array A[l …
In computer science, a double-ended priority queue (DEPQ) [1] or double-ended heap [2] is a data structure similar to a priority queue or heap, but allows for efficient removal of both the maximum and minimum, according to some ordering on the keys (items) stored in the structure. Every element in a DEPQ has a priority or value.
extract-max (or extract-min): returns the node of maximum value from a max heap [or minimum value from a min heap] after removing it from the heap (a.k.a., pop [5]) delete-max (or delete-min): removing the root node of a max heap (or min heap), respectively; replace: pop root and push a new key. This is more efficient than a pop followed by a ...
Some array data structures do not reallocate storage, but do store a count of the number of elements of the array in use, called the count or size. This effectively makes the array a dynamic array with a fixed maximum size or capacity; Pascal strings are examples of this.
A bucket queue can handle elements with integer priorities in the range from 0 or 1 up to some known bound C, and operations that insert elements, change the priority of elements, or extract (find and remove) the element that has the minimum (or maximum) priority.
A min-max heap is a complete binary tree containing alternating min (or even) and max (or odd) levels. Even levels are for example 0, 2, 4, etc, and odd levels are respectively 1, 3, 5, etc. We assume in the next points that the root element is at the first level, i.e., 0. Example of Min-max heap
For example, for the array of values [−2, 1, −3, 4, −1, 2, 1, −5, 4], the contiguous subarray with the largest sum is [4, −1, 2, 1], with sum 6. Some properties of this problem are: If the array contains all non-negative numbers, then the problem is trivial; a maximum subarray is the entire array.
Take an array of numbers "5 1 4 2 8", and sort the array from lowest number to greatest number using bubble sort. In each step, elements written in bold are being compared. Three passes will be required; First Pass ( 5 1 4 2 8 ) → ( 1 5 4 2 8 ), Here, algorithm compares the first two elements, and swaps since 5 > 1.