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In York, Viking leaders established a puppet king named Ecgberht, [13] who remained until 872, when a revolt drove him into exile in Mercia. Halfdan Ragnarsson of the Vikings ended the revolt in 876 and directly occupied York and the rest of Deira (south-east Northumbria), partitioning it among his followers. [13]
The Vikings used East Anglia as a starting point for an invasion. The East Anglians made peace with the invaders by providing them with horses. [ 39 ] The Vikings stayed in East Anglia for the winter before setting out for Northumbria towards the end of 866, establishing themselves at York.
Alfred took up a position from which he could observe both of the Viking armies. [14] The Vikings were further reinforced with 240 ships, that were provided by the Danes of East Anglia and Northumbria who had settled there after the wars of the 860s and 870s. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle says that they did it "contrary to [their] pledges". [f] [16 ...
Repeated Viking assaults on religious centres were one reason for the decrease in production of manuscripts and communal monastic culture. [91] After 867, Northumbria came under control of the Scandinavian forces, and there was an influx of Scandinavian immigrants. [92] Their religion was pagan and had a rich mythology.
The invasion was repulsed at the Battle of Stamford Bridge, and Hardrada was killed along with most of his men. Whilst the Viking attempt was unsuccessful, the near simultaneous Norman invasion was successful in the south at the Battle of Hastings. Hardrada's invasion and defeat has been described as the end of the Viking Age in Britain. [51]
After successful raids by Danish Vikings, significant parts of northeastern England, formerly Northumbria, were under their control.Danish attacks into central England had been resisted and effectively reduced by Alfred the Great, to the point where his son, King Edward of Wessex, could launch offensive attacks against the foreigners.
Viking expansion was the historical movement which led Norse explorers, traders and warriors, the latter known in modern scholarship as Vikings, to sail most of the North Atlantic, reaching south as far as North Africa and east as far as Russia, and through the Mediterranean as far as Constantinople and the Middle East, acting as looters, traders, colonists and mercenaries.
Vikings led by Guthrum invade Alfred's territory, taking Wareham [12] but are forced out following a siege by Alfred. 876. Vikings capture southern Northumbria, and found the Kingdom of York, [1] perhaps under Halfdan Ragnarsson. Vikings capture Exeter but their supply fleet is destroyed in a storm off Swanage [12] and they are driven out by ...