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Anthracene is a solid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) of formula C 14 H 10, consisting of three fused benzene rings. It is a component of coal tar. Anthracene is used in the production of the red dye alizarin and other dyes. Anthracene is colorless but exhibits a blue (400–500 nm peak) fluorescence under ultraviolet radiation. [13]
An aromatic π-sextet can be represented by a circle, as in the case of the anthracene molecule (below). Clar's rule states that for a benzenoid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (i.e. one with only hexagonal rings), the resonance structure with the largest number of disjoint aromatic π-sextets is the most important to characterize its chemical ...
Tetracene, also called naphthacene, is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. It has the appearance of a pale orange powder. Tetracene is the four-ringed member of the series of acenes. Tetracene is a molecular organic semiconductor, used in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with five benzene rings. It has low water solubility and low volatility and therefore occurs predominantly in solid form, white to light yellow crystalline, bound to particulates in polluted air, soil, or sediment. [2] It was first synthesized in 1918. [1]
Simple aromatic rings can be heterocyclic if they contain non-carbon ring atoms, for example, oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. They can be monocyclic as in benzene, bicyclic as in naphthalene, or polycyclic as in anthracene. Simple monocyclic aromatic rings are usually five-membered rings like pyrrole or six-membered rings like pyridine.
The name "anthraquinone" was first used by German chemists Carl Graebe and Carl Theodore Liebermann in a 1868 publication describing the chemical synthesis of the red dye alizarin from anthracene, a component of coal tar. This discovery led to the industrial production of alizarin and the impetus for further research on anthraquinone chemistry. [1]
Scanning tunneling microscopy image of pentacene molecules on nickel. [6] Pentacene powder. The compound, originally called dinaphthanthracene after naphthalene and anthracene (modern nomenclature for polyacenes, including pentacene, was only introduced in 1939 by Erich Clar [7] [8]), was first synthesized in 1912 by British chemists William Hobson Mills and Mildred May Gostling.
Anthraquinone, also called anthracenedione or dioxoanthracene, is an aromatic organic compound with formula C 14 H 8 O 2. Several isomers exist but these terms usually refer to 9,10-anthraquinone (IUPAC: 9,10-dioxoanthracene) wherein the keto groups are located on the central ring. It is used as a digester additive to wood pulp for papermaking.