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Carving schools balanced producing art for their own people with commercial works, with many of the most successful being Te Arawa (Ngāti Whakaue, Ngāti Pikiao and Ngāti Tarāwhai), located near Rotorua, during the tourism boom to the area in the 1870s, with an increased need for carved works such as the model village at Whakarewarewa, and ...
A predominant artform of the Māori people is whakairo, [6] carving, referred to by some as the written language of the Māori. The National Wood Carving school, Te Wānanga Whakairo Rākau o Aotearoa, was opened in 1967 and has since restored and built over 40 whare whakairo around New Zealand.
Toi whakairo or just whakairo is the Māori traditional art of carving [98] in wood, stone or bone. Some surviving whakairo, or carvings, are over 500 years old. Wood carvings were used to decorate houses, fence-poles, containers, taiaha, tool handles, and other objects. Large-scale stone-face carvings were sometimes created.
Pouwhenua in front of Civic Offices, Hereford Street, Christchurch, New Zealand. Pouwhenua or pou whenua (land post), are carved wooden posts used by Māori, the indigenous peoples of New Zealand to mark territorial boundaries or places of significance.
Although in an essentially traditional style, this carving was created using metal tools and uses modern paints, creating a form distinct from that of pre-European times. Māori visual art consists primarily of four forms: carving ( whakairo ) , tattooing ( tā moko ), weaving ( raranga ), and painting ( kōwhaiwhai ). [ 7 ]
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By extension, a tiki is a large or small wooden, pounamu or other stone carving in humanoid form, although this is a somewhat archaic usage in the Māori language, where a tiki is usually a hei-tiki, a pendant worn around the neck.
It is an integral symbol in Māori art, carving and tattooing, where it symbolises new life, growth, strength and peace. [3] Its shape "conveys the idea of perpetual movement," while the inner coil "suggests returning to the point of origin".
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