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Ziva Gilad, a spa technician, came up with the idea of marketing Dead Sea mud after watching women tourists scooping up the mud to take home. [3] In 1988, a single stand selling bottles of Ahava body scrub to tourists earned $1 million. [4] The Dead Sea Works is the world's fourth largest producer and supplier of potash products. [5]
The latest reference to the marzēaḥ is the Madaba Map from the 6th century AD: [4] the settlement ΒΗΤΟΜΑΡΣΕΑ Η ΚΑΙ ΜΑΙΟΥΜΑΣ (Betomarsea ē kai Maioumas) shown in the map near the Dead Sea is identified as "House of Marzēaḥ". [52] [68] Some link this place to Baʿal-Peʿor mentioned in the bible, who is the god of death.
The exhibition features twenty of the Dead Sea Scrolls, displayed ten at a time. About 600 artifacts from the ancient Kingdoms of Israel and Judah are also displayed, including a stone block from the Western Wall of Jerusalem's Temple Mount. [1]
The Dead Sea Scrolls that were found were originally preserved by the arid conditions present within the Qumran area adjoining the Dead Sea. [71] In addition, the lack of the use of tanning materials on the parchment of the Dead Sea Scrolls and the very low airflow in the caves also contributed significantly to their preservation. [ 72 ]
Israel has imported raw materials for its Dead Sea mud cosmetics from Jordan since 1994. [3] In 2009, Ahava took on new shareholder Shamrock Holdings, the investment company owned by Disney Family, which purchased 20% of Ahava Dead Sea Laboratories from its existing shareholders. [13] [14] The company has 200 employees, 180 of them in Israel. [14]
The Dead Sea is a salt lake is bordered by Jordan to the east and Palestine's Israeli-occupied West Bank and Israel to the west. [5] [6] It is an endorheic lake, meaning there are no outlet streams. The Dead Sea lies in the Jordan Rift Valley, a geographic feature formed by the Dead Sea Transform (DST).
Israel had denied Palestinians permits to process minerals in that area of the West Bank. [189] The products of the Israeli cosmetics firm Ahava, established in 1988, were developed in laboratories at the West Bank Dead Sea settlements of Mitzpe Shalem and Kalya. 60% of their production is sold in the EU market. [191]
Ein Gedi (Hebrew: עין גדי) was an important Jewish settlement on the western shore of the Dead Sea in ancient times. [1] [2] The ruins, including the 6th century Ein Gedi synagogue, home to one of the most impressive mosaic floors in Israel, testify to a continuous Jewish settlement in the area for over 1,300 years, from the 7th century BCE to the 6th century CE.