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An amortization calculator is used to determine the periodic payment amount due on a loan (typically a mortgage), based on the amortization process. [1] The amortization repayment model factors varying amounts of both interest and principal into every installment, though the total amount of each payment is the same.
The amount of the monthly payment at the end of month N that is applied to principal paydown equals the amount c of payment minus the amount of interest currently paid on the pre-existing unpaid principal. The latter amount, the interest component of the current payment, is the interest rate r times the amount unpaid at the end of month N–1 ...
This amortization schedule is based on the following assumptions: First, it should be known that rounding errors occur and, depending on how the lender accumulates these errors, the blended payment (principal plus interest) may vary slightly some months to keep these errors from accumulating; or, the accumulated errors are adjusted for at the end of each year or at the final loan payment.
But, doing so adds to the monthly amount (the loan principal and the interest) you owe. Paying closing costs and other upfront fees right away, if you can afford it, is a more economical move.
The remaining interest owed is added to the outstanding loan balance, making it larger than the original loan amount. If the repayment model for a loan is "fully amortized", then the last payment (which, if the schedule was calculated correctly, should be equal to all others) pays off all remaining principal and interest on the loan.
The formula for EMI (in arrears) is: [2] = (+) or, equivalently, = (+) (+) Where: P is the principal amount borrowed, A is the periodic amortization payment, r is the annual interest rate divided by 100 (annual interest rate also divided by 12 in case of monthly installments), and n is the total number of payments (for a 30-year loan with monthly payments n = 30 × 12 = 360).
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