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When there is a tear in the anulus fibrosus, the nucleus pulposus may extrude through the tear and press against spinal nerves within the spinal cord, cauda equina, or exiting nerve roots, causing inflammation, numbness, or excruciating pain. [31] Inflammation of spinal tissue can then spread to adjacent facet joints and cause facet syndrome ...
[3] [17] The inflammation can lead to the formation of scar tissue and adhesion that can make the spinal nerves "stick" together, a condition where such tissue develops in and between the leptomeninges - between dura and arachnoid or pia and arachnoid. [17] This condition can be very painful, especially when progressing to adhesive arachnoiditis.
Tethering may also develop after spinal cord injury. Scar tissue can block the flow of fluids around the spinal cord. Fluid pressure may cause cysts to form in the spinal cord, a condition called syringomyelia. This can lead to additional loss of movement or feeling, or the onset of pain or autonomic nervous system symptoms. [5]
Symptoms are pain or dysthesias (abnormal sensation) in the buttocks, hip, and posterior thigh with or without radiating leg pain. Patients often report pain when sitting. [1] The two most common causes are piriformis syndrome and fibrovascular bands (scar tissue), but many other causes exist. [2]
Arthrofibrosis (from Greek: arthro-joint, fibrosis – scar tissue formation) has been described in most joints like knee, hip, ankle, foot joints, shoulder (frozen shoulder, adhesive capsulitis), elbow (stiff elbow), wrist, hand joints as well as spinal vertebrae. [1] [2] It can occur after injury or surgery or may arise without an obvious ...
Failed Back Syndrome (abbreviated as FBS) is a condition characterized by chronic pain following back surgeries. [1] [2] The term "post-laminectomy syndrome" is sometimes used by doctors to indicate the same condition as failed back syndrome. [3]
A scar (or scar tissue) is an area of fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin after an injury. Scars result from the biological process of wound repair in the skin, as well as in other organs, and tissues of the body. Thus, scarring is a natural part of the healing process.
Nerve compression syndrome, or compression neuropathy, or nerve entrapment syndrome, is a medical condition caused by chronic, direct pressure on a peripheral nerve. [1] It is known colloquially as a trapped nerve, though this may also refer to nerve root compression (by a herniated disc, for example).