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PFK belongs to the phosphofructokinase B (PfkB) family of sugar kinases. [7] Other members of this family (also known as the Ribokinase family) include ribokinase (RK), adenosine kinase (AK), inosine kinase, and 1-phosphofructokinase. [7] [8] [9] The members of the PfkB/RK family are identified by the presence of three conserved sequence motifs.
Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) is one of the most important regulatory enzymes (EC 2.7.1.11) of glycolysis. It is an allosteric enzyme made of 4 subunits and controlled by many activators and inhibitors .
PFK-2 is known as the "bifunctional enzyme" because of its notable structure: though both are located on one protein homodimer, its two domains act as independently functioning enzymes. [5] One terminus serves as a kinase domain (for PFK-2) while the other terminus acts as a phosphatase domain (FBPase-2). [6]
Phosphofructokinase deficiency is a rare muscular metabolic disorder, with an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. It is characterized as a deficiency in the Phosphofructokinase (PFK) enzyme throughout the body, including the skeletal muscles and red blood cells.
Phosphofructokinase, or PFK, catalyzes the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and is an important point in the regulation of glycolysis. High levels of ATP, H +, and citrate inhibit PFK. If citrate levels are high, it means that glycolysis is functioning at an optimal rate. High levels of AMP stimulate PFK.
The PFKP gene encodes the platelet isoform of phosphofructokinase (PFK) (ATP:D-fructose-6-phosphate-1-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.11). PFK catalyzes the irreversible conversion of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate and is a key regulatory enzyme in glycolysis. The PFKP gene, which maps to chromosome 10p, is also expressed in ...
This 85-kDa protein is one of two subunit types that comprise the seven tetrameric PFK isozymes. [6] [7] The muscle isozyme is composed solely of PFKM.[6] [8] [9] The liver PFK (PFK-5) contains solely the second subunit type, PFKL, while the erythrocyte PFK includes five isozymes composed of different combinations of PFKM and PFKL.
The PFKFB3 gene is mapped to single locus on chromosome 10 (10p15-p14). [5] [6] It spans a region of 32.5kb with an open reading frame that is 5,675bp long.It is estimated to consist of 19 exons, of which 15 are regularly expressed. [8]