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  2. Cationic liposome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cationic_liposome

    In 1987, Philip Felgner published the first approach to using cationic lipids to transfect DNA into cells, [8] based on his research into cationic lipids at Syntex from 1982 to 1988. [9] Felgner introduced the first cationic lipid used for gene delivery, N -[1-(2,3-dioleyloxy)propyl]- N , N , N -trimethylammonium chloride (DOTMA).

  3. Lipid signaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_signaling

    Common lipid signaling molecules: lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) platelet activating factor (PAF) anandamide or arachidonoyl ethanolamine (AEA). Lipid signaling, broadly defined, refers to any biological cell signaling event involving a lipid messenger that binds a protein target, such as a receptor, kinase or phosphatase, which in turn mediate the effects of these ...

  4. DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA

    All the functions of DNA depend on interactions with proteins. These protein interactions can be non-specific, or the protein can bind specifically to a single DNA sequence. Enzymes can also bind to DNA and of these, the polymerases that copy the DNA base sequence in transcription and DNA replication are particularly important.

  5. Lipid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid

    The functions of lipids include storing energy, signaling, and acting as structural components of cell membranes. [3] [4] Lipids have applications in the cosmetic and food industries, and in nanotechnology. [5]

  6. Biomolecule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolecule

    Lipids (oleaginous) are chiefly fatty acid esters, and are the basic building blocks of biological membranes. Another biological role is energy storage (e.g., triglycerides). Most lipids consist of a polar or hydrophilic head (typically glycerol) and one to three non polar or hydrophobic fatty acid tails, and therefore they are amphiphilic.

  7. Liposome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liposome

    Liposomes are most often composed of phospholipids, [4] especially phosphatidylcholine, and cholesterol, [2] but may also include other lipids, such as those found in egg and phosphatidylethanolamine, as long as they are compatible with lipid bilayer structure. [5] A liposome design may employ surface ligands for attaching to desired cells or ...

  8. Lipid bilayer fusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_bilayer_fusion

    Single molecule DNA assay. [40] A DNA hairpin composed of 5 base pair stem and poly-thymidine loop that is labeled with a donor (Cy3) and an acceptor (Cy5) at the ends of the stem was encapsulated in the v-SNARE vesicle. We separately encapsulated multiple unlabeled poly-adenosine DNA strands in the t-SNARE vesicle.

  9. Lipid bilayer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_bilayer

    Integral membrane proteins function when incorporated into a lipid bilayer, and they are held tightly to the lipid bilayer with the help of an annular lipid shell. Because bilayers define the boundaries of the cell and its compartments, these membrane proteins are involved in many intra- and inter-cellular signaling processes.