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  2. Pyramidal tracts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyramidal_tracts

    The pyramidal tracts include both the corticobulbar tract and the corticospinal tract.These are aggregations of efferent nerve fibers from the upper motor neurons that travel from the cerebral cortex and terminate either in the brainstem (corticobulbar) or spinal cord (corticospinal) and are involved in the control of motor functions of the body.

  3. Neural pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_pathway

    A neural pathway connects one part of the nervous system to another using bundles of axons called tracts. The optic tract that extends from the optic nerve is an example of a neural pathway because it connects the eye to the brain; additional pathways within the brain connect to the visual cortex.

  4. Neural top–down control of physiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_top–down_control...

    Antiinflammation. The vagus nerve carries a parasympathetic cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway that reduces proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF by spleen macrophages in the red pulp and the marginal zone and so the activation of inflammation. [28] [29] This control is in part controlled by direct innervation of body organs such as the ...

  5. Biological pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_pathway

    Pathways can also turn genes on and off, or spur a cell to move. [1] Some of the most common biological pathways are involved in metabolism, the regulation of gene expression and the transmission of signals. Pathways play a key role in advanced studies of genomics. Most common types of biological pathways: [1] Metabolic pathway; Genetic pathway

  6. Corticospinal tract - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticospinal_tract

    The corticospinal tract is a white matter motor pathway starting at the cerebral cortex that terminates on lower motor neurons and interneurons in the spinal cord, controlling movements of the limbs and trunk. [1] There are more than one million neurons in the corticospinal tract, and they become myelinated usually in the first two years of life.

  7. Cell (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_(biology)

    Organelles are parts of the cell that are adapted and/or specialized for carrying out one or more vital functions, analogous to the organs of the human body (such as the heart, lung, and kidney, with each organ performing a different function). [2]

  8. 10 Surprising Causes of Back Pain - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/10-surprising-causes-back...

    This can cause the pelvis to 'drop' on one side, resulting in excessive stress on the lumbar spine.” ... muscles throughout the body to over-work and function in a way they are not necessarily ...

  9. Fractionation of carbon isotopes in oxygenic photosynthesis

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractionation_of_carbon...

    A C3 plant uses C3 carbon fixation, one of the three metabolic photosynthesis pathways which also include C4 and CAM (described below). These plants are called "C3" due to the three-carbon compound (3-Phosphoglyceric acid, or 3-PGA) produced by the CO 2 fixation mechanism in these plants.