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Lauryldimethylamine oxide (LDAO), also known as dodecyldimethylamine oxide (DDAO), is an amine oxide–based zwitterionic surfactant, with a C 12 (dodecyl) alkyl tail. It is one of the most frequently-used surfactants of this type. [ 4 ]
In the strict sense, the term amine oxide applies only to oxides of tertiary amines. Sometimes it is also used for the analogous derivatives of primary and secondary amines. Examples of amine oxides include pyridine-N-oxide, a water-soluble crystalline solid with melting point 62–67 °C, and N-methylmorpholine N-oxide, which is an oxidant.
The surfactant lauryl dimethylamine oxide is found in soaps and cleaning compounds. Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, a rocket fuel, is prepared from dimethylamine. [11] (CH 3) 2 NH + NH 2 Cl → (CH 3) 2 NNH 2 ⋅ HCl. It is an attractant for boll weevils. [12]
Myristamine oxide is an amine oxide based zwitterionic surfactant with a C 14 (tetradecyl) alkyl tail. It is used as a foam stabilizer and hair conditioning agent in some shampoos and conditioners .
Fatty alcohol are converted to their ethoxylates by treatment with ethylene oxide: [6] RCH 2 OH + n C 2 H 4 O → RCH 2 (OCH 2 CH 2) n OH. The resulting fatty alcohol ethoxylates are important surfactants. Another large class of surfactants are the sodium alkylsulfates such as sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS).
The most common biological zwitterionic surfactants have a phosphate anion with an amine or ammonium, such as the phospholipids phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelins. Lauryldimethylamine oxide and myristamine oxide are two commonly used zwitterionic surfactants of the tertiary amine oxides ...
3. Keebler Fudge Magic Middles. Neither the chocolate fudge cream inside a shortbread cookie nor versions with peanut butter or chocolate chip crusts survived.
The primary amine in DMAPA is more reactive than the tertiary amine, leading to its selective addition to form an amide. In the second step chloroacetic acid reacts with the remaining tertiary amine to form a quaternary ammonium center (a quaternization reaction). [3] CH 3 (CH 2) 10 COOH + H 2 NCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3) 2 → CH 3 (CH 2) 10 CONHCH ...