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Although neutral evolution remains the consensus theory among modern biologists, [3] and thus Kimura's resolution of Haldane's dilemma is widely regarded as correct, some biologists argue that adaptive evolution explains a large fraction of substitutions in protein coding sequence, [4] and they propose alternative solutions to Haldane's dilemma.
In humans, barring intersex conditions causing aneuploidy and other unusual states, it is the male that is heterogametic, with XY sex chromosomes.. Haldane's rule is an observation about the early stage of speciation, formulated in 1922 by the British evolutionary biologist J. B. S. Haldane, that states that if — in a species hybrid — only one sex is inviable or sterile, that sex is more ...
It is at least conceivable that they are also more resistant to attacks by the sporozoa which cause malaria." [94] This became known as "Haldane's malaria hypothesis", or concisely, the "malaria hypothesis". [95] This hypothesis was eventually confirmed by Anthony C. Allison in 1954 in the case of sickle-cell anemia. [96] [97]
As with Haldane and Fisher, Dobzhansky's "evolutionary genetics" [59] was a genuine science, now unifying cell biology, genetics, and both micro and macroevolution. [44] His work emphasized that real-world populations had far more genetic variability than the early population geneticists had assumed in their models and that genetically distinct ...
The term heterosis often causes confusion and even controversy, particularly in selective breeding of domestic animals, because it is sometimes (incorrectly) claimed that all crossbred plants and animals are "genetically superior" to their parents, due to heterosis, [citation needed]. but two problems exist with this claim:
In gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI), the SI phenotype of the pollen is determined by its own gametophytic haploid genotype. This is the most common type of SI. [4] Two different mechanisms of GSI have been described in detail at the molecular level, and their description follows.
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The Causes of Evolution; D. Daedalus; or, Science and the Future; H. Haldane's dilemma; Haldane's rule; O. On Being the Right Size