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Tolvaptan, sold under the brand name Samsca among others, is an aquaretic drug that functions as a selective, competitive vasopressin receptor 2 (V 2) antagonist used to treat hyponatremia (low blood sodium levels) associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).
Tolvaptan was studied in DILIsym®, a state of the art, multiscale computational model that uses non-clinical and clinical drug data to predict whether a drug could cause idiosyncratic liver toxicity. [16] DILIsym® replicated accurately the liver toxicity observed with tolvaptan in clinical studies. [17]
The "vaptan" drugs act by directly blocking the action of vasopressin at its receptors (V 1A, V 1B and V 2).These receptors have a variety of functions, with the V 1A and V 2 receptors are expressed peripherally and involved in the modulation of blood pressure and kidney function respectively, while the V 1A and V 1B receptors are expressed in the central nervous system.
Supplements That Damage the Liver The supplements the study mentioned include: Ashwagandha , used to support the nervous and endocrine systems; improve sleep; and boost mood, energy and immune levels
Data from the Drug Induced Liver Injury Network show that rates of liver injury from botanical products jumped from seven percent in 2004-2005 to 20 percent in 2013-2014.
Fatty liver disease happens when fat builds up in your liver. This can cause damage, inflammation, and other complications. There are two main types of fatty liver disease:
Tolvaptan phosphate is a drug used for the treatment of cardiac edema. It is a prodrug of tolvaptan , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] formulated as the salt tolvaptan sodium phosphate, for intravenous administration .
"The data does not allow a definitive answer, and there also appears to be significant variation among people in their susceptibility to liver damage from green tea," Dr. Clarke points out.
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