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The systemic use of corticosteroids in the context of inflammatory bowel disease can promote CMV infection in the colon. [1] The corticosteroids used as a primary treatment for flare-up events of inflammatory bowel disease reduce the autoimmune activity of the T lymphocytes and monocytes that contribute to the inflammation of the colon and small intestine.
Humans and other primates serve as natural hosts. The 11 species in this genus include human betaherpesvirus 5 (HCMV, human cytomegalovirus, HHV-5), which is the species that infects humans. Diseases associated with HHV-5 include mononucleosis and pneumonia, [4] [5] and congenital CMV in infants can lead to deafness and ambulatory problems. [6]
The CMV pp65 assay is widely used for monitoring CMV infection and its response to antiviral treatment in people who are under immunosuppressive therapy and have had renal transplantation surgery, as the antigenemia results are obtained about 5 days before the onset of symptomatic CMV disease.
CMV is a member of the virus family herpesviridae and is the most common congenital intrauterine infection. [3] cCMV is caused when a mother is infected with CMV in pregnancy and passes it to her unborn baby. [1] The risk of severe disease is greatest if the mother is infected in early pregnancy; most have no symptoms. [2]
Cytomegalic inclusion body disease (CIBD) also known as cytomegalic inclusion disease (CID) is a series of signs and symptoms caused by cytomegalovirus infection, toxoplasmosis or other rare infections such as herpes or rubella viruses. It can produce massive calcification of the central nervous system, and often the kidneys. [1]
A large majority of patient that have CMV Esophagitis are diagnosed with HIV. Another significant segment of the population have weakened immune systems through transplant surgery, diabetes, or due to medication. Diagnosis is done primarily by endoscopy with biopsy, as CMV Esophagitis has a distinctive pathology pattern of linear ulcers. [2]
Maribavir, sold under the brand name Livtencity, is an antiviral medication that is used to treat post-transplant cytomegalovirus (CMV). [8] [9] Maribavir is a cytomegalovirus pUL97 kinase inhibitor that works by preventing the activity of human cytomegalovirus enzyme pUL97, thus blocking virus replication.
Letermovir (INN; brand name Prevymis) is an antiviral drug for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections. It has been tested in CMV infected patients with allogeneic stem cell transplants and may also be useful for other patients with a compromised immune system such as those with organ transplants or HIV infections. [3]