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The renal veins in the renal circulation, are large-calibre [1] veins that drain blood filtered by the kidneys into the inferior vena cava. There is one renal vein draining each kidney. [citation needed] Each renal vein is formed by the convergence of the interlobar veins of one kidney. [2]
The venous drainage of the kidney large mirrors its arterial supply, except that there are no segmental veins. [4] The stellate veins arise from the capillaries, then drain successively through interlobular veins and interlobar veins until these converge from across the kidney to form the renal vein for that kidney.
The stellate veins are minute [1] veins situated just beneath the fibrous capsule of the kidney. [ citation needed ] The stellate veins drain the superficial-most portion of the renal cortex . Groups of 5 or 6 stellate veins are arranged in a star-like pattern, converging centrally to drain into an interlobular vein as it penetrates into the ...
The human urinary system, also known as the urinary tract or renal system, consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and the urethra. The purpose of the urinary system is to eliminate waste from the body, regulate blood volume and blood pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites , and regulate blood pH .
The concave part of the bean-shaped kidneys is called the renal hilum, through which the renal artery and nerves enter the kidney. The renal vein, collecting lymphatic vessels and ureter exit the kidney through the renal hilum. [6] [55] The kidneys are located retroperitoneally [6] on the back wall of the body of mammals. [7]
It is located at the border of the renal cortex and renal medulla. [citation needed] Arcuate veins pass around the renal pyramids at the border between the renal cortex and renal medulla in an arch shape. [1] Arcuate veins receive blood from cortical radiate veins, and in turn deliver blood into the arcuate veins. [2]
The arterial supply of the kidneys is variable and there may be one or more renal arteries supplying each kidney. [1] It is located above the renal vein. Supernumerary renal arteries (two or more arteries to a single kidney) are the most common renovascular anomaly, occurrence ranging from 25% to 40% of kidneys. [8] Aberrant renal arteries may ...
Renal plasma flow is the volume of plasma that reaches the kidneys per unit time. Renal plasma flow is given by the Fick principle: = This is essentially a conservation of mass equation which balances the renal inputs (the renal artery) and the renal outputs (the renal vein and ureter). Put simply, a non-metabolizable solute entering the kidney ...