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A Victorian-era pump organ A smaller variety of pump organ A Mason & Hamlin pump organ A pump organ. The harmonium was considered by Curt Sachs to be an important instrument for music of Romanticism (1750s–1900), which "vibrated between two poles of expression" and "required the overwhelming power and strong accents of wind instruments". [2]
The Indian harmonium is derived from reed organ designs developed in France. Originally, these were large instruments, designed to be played sitting on a chair, which allowed one to pump the instrument using foot pedals. [4] Over time, Europeans designed smaller harmoniums, like the guide-chant, which included manually pumped bellows. [5]
The pump organ, reed organ or harmonium, was the other main type of organ before the development of the electronic organ. It generated its sounds using reeds similar to those of an accordion . Smaller, cheaper and more portable than the corresponding pipe instrument, these were widely used in smaller churches and in private homes, but their ...
The motive force for a fairground organ is typically wind under pressure generated from mechanically powered bellows in the instrument's base. Without the need for a human player, the instruments are keyboard-less (except for relatively rare configurations with one or more accordions, whose keys could be seen to move).
The Estey Organ Company was an organ manufacturer based in Brattleboro, Vermont, founded in 1852 by Jacob Estey.At its peak, the company was one of the world's largest organ manufacturers, employed about 700 people, and sold its high-quality items as far away as Africa, Great Britain, Australia, and New Zealand.
The path towards Partch's use of many unique instruments was a gradual one. [2] Partch began in the 1920s using traditional instruments, and wrote a string quartet in just intonation (now lost). [3] [4] He had his first specialized instrument built for him in 1930—the Adapted Viola, a viola with a cello's neck fitted on it. [3]
The pump organs are originating from different countries. One suction-reed organ was built in 1872 in the United States and has two keyboards and a pipe top of Mason & Hamlin . Another, German one was made by Lindholm and has a shared left and right expression and an extension register. [ 2 ]
AP World History: Modern was designed to help students develop a greater understanding of the evolution of global processes and contacts as well as interactions between different human societies. The course advances understanding through a combination of selective factual knowledge and appropriate analytical skills.