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Lizardite contains H 2 O in excess of the nominal formula, as does chrysotile. It has a high amount of Fe 2 O 3 and a low amount of FeO. [9]: 8 One study found that lizardite has a high amount of SiO 2 and a low amount of Al 2 O 3. [10]: 193
Three polytypes of chrysotile are known. [8] These are very difficult to distinguish in hand specimens, and polarized light microscopy [6] must normally be used. Some older publications refer to chrysotile as a group of minerals—the three polytypes listed below, and sometimes pecoraite as well—but the 2006 recommendations of the International Mineralogical Association prefer to treat it as ...
Serpentinization is a form of low-temperature (0 to ~600 °C) [5] metamorphism of ferromagnesian minerals in mafic and ultramafic rocks, such as dunite, harzburgite, or lherzolite. These are rocks low in silica and composed mostly of olivine ( (Mg 2+ , Fe 2+ ) 2 SiO 4 ), pyroxene ( XY(Si,Al) 2 O 6 ), and chromite (approximately FeCr 2 O 4 ).
It has been suggested that chrysotile is never stable relative to either of the other two serpentine polymorphs. Samples of the oceanic crust and uppermost mantle from ocean basins document that ultramafic rocks there commonly contain abundant serpentine. Antigorite contains water in its structure, about 13 percent by weight.
Lizardite, chrysotile, and antigorite all have approximately the formula Mg 3 (Si 2 O 5)(OH) 4 or (Mg 2+, Fe 2+) 3 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4, but differ in minor components and in form. [10] Accessory minerals, present in small quantities, include awaruite, other native metal minerals, and sulfide minerals. [12] Ophiolite of the Gros Morne National Park ...
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Antigorite is a lamellated, monoclinic mineral in the phyllosilicate serpentine subgroup with the ideal chemical formula of (Mg,Fe 2+) 3 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4. [2] It is the high-pressure polymorph of serpentine and is commonly found in metamorphosed serpentinites.
Chrysotile, a form of asbestos, is a proven human carcinogen (List of IARC Group 1 carcinogens). It is known contributor to mesothelioma. However, unlike other asbestos forms of asbestos such as crocidolite and amosite, Chrysotile only poses a risk when absorbed in extreme quantities. This is due to the fact that Chrysotile is a rolled ...