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Logical reasoning is a form of thinking that is concerned with arriving at a conclusion in a rigorous way. [1] This happens in the form of inferences by transforming the information present in a set of premises to reach a conclusion.
Logic studies valid forms of inference like modus ponens. Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the study of deductively valid inferences or logical truths. It examines how conclusions follow from premises based on the structure of arguments alone, independent of their topic and ...
The Wason selection task (or four-card problem) is a logic puzzle devised by Peter Cathcart Wason in 1966. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is one of the most famous tasks in the study of deductive reasoning . [ 4 ]
In artificial intelligence, symbolic artificial intelligence (also known as classical artificial intelligence or logic-based artificial intelligence) [1] [2] is the term for the collection of all methods in artificial intelligence research that are based on high-level symbolic (human-readable) representations of problems, logic and search. [3]
Logic is the formal science of using reason and is considered a branch of both philosophy and mathematics and to a lesser extent computer science. Logic investigates and classifies the structure of statements and arguments, both through the study of formal systems of inference and the study of arguments in natural language .
In logic, a set of symbols is commonly used to express logical representation. The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics.
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Logic is the study of the forms of reasoning in arguments and the development of standards and criteria to evaluate arguments. [5] Deductive arguments can be valid , and the valid ones can be sound : in a valid argument, premises necessitate the conclusion, even if one or more of the premises is false and the conclusion is false; in a sound ...