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IRF4 is a transcription factor belonging to the Interferon Regulatory Factor (IRF) family of transcription factors. [8] [9] In contrast to some other IRF family members, IRF4 expression is not initiated by interferons; rather, IRF4 expression is promoted by a variety of bioactive stimuli, including antigen receptor engagement, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), IL-4, and CD40.
Interferon regulatory factors (IRF) are proteins which regulate transcription of interferons (see regulation of gene expression). [1] Interferon regulatory factors contain a conserved N-terminal region of about 120 amino acids, which folds into a structure that binds specifically to the IRF-element (IRF-E) motifs, which is located upstream of the interferon genes. [2]
IRF4: ENSG00000137265: IRF: Known motif – High-throughput in vitro : HCGAAACCGAAACYW IRF5: ENSG00000128604: IRF: Known motif – High-throughput in vitro : CGAAACCGAWACH IRF6: ENSG00000117595: IRF: Known motif – High-throughput in vitro : RGTWTCRNNNNNNCGAWACY IRF7: ENSG00000185507: IRF: Known motif – High-throughput in vitro ...
Bcl2 and Bcl-w [7] were the first two discovered, then in 2016, the IRF4 (interferon regulatory factor 4) gene was announced after a study of 6,000 people living in five Latin American countries. However, it found that environmental factors controlled about 70% of cases of hair greying. [8]
Iridium(IV) fluoride is a chemical compound of iridium and fluorine, with the chemical formula IrF 4 and is a dark brown solid. [1] Early reports of IrF 4 prior to 1965 are questionable and appear to describe the compound IrF 5. [1]
IRF4 binds to the promoter of Il-9 gene in T H 9 cells and it is dependent on STAT6. [14] BATF has been also shown to bind to the Il-9 gene promoter and to activate Il-9gene transcription. [14] PU.1 works by directly binding to the promoter of Il-9 gene and attract chromatin-modifying enzymes which reinforce Il9-gene transcription. [5] [2]
The upregulation of the NF-kB signaling pathway results in greater expression of IRF4, a transcription factor that is essential for plasma cell differentiation. [6] The progression of the germinal center response results in plasma cells that secrete higher affinity antibodies having an increased lifespan and being sent to the bone marrow. [5]
PRDM1/BLIMP-1 is a master transcription factor regulating downstream cytokines. It is activated by TLRs and IRF-4, and is crucial in T cell, B cell, and myeloid lineage cell differentiations.
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