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Punjabi Sikhs primarily inhabit the Indian state of Punjab, the only Sikh-majority administrative division on Earth. Punjabi Sikhs make up 57.69% of the state’s population. [ 6 ] Many have ancestry from the greater Punjab region , an area that was partitioned between India and Pakistan in 1947.
Punjabi, sometimes spelled Panjabi, [g] is an Indo-Aryan language natively spoken by the Punjabi people. Punjabi is the most popular first language in Pakistan, with 80.5 million native speakers as per the 2017 census, and the 11th most popular in India, with 31.1 million native speakers, as per the 2011 census.
They feared that Sikhs would join Pakistan if their support was not secured in backing the partition of Punjab. After the former colonial kingdoms and Princely states were being divided along language differences, Punjab and Sikhs were not given any special status in the Constitution Act of India. [citation needed]
Sikhs (singular Sikh: / s ɪ k / SIK or / s iː k / SEEK; Punjabi: ਸਿੱਖ, romanized: sikkh, IPA:) are an ethnoreligious group [84] [85] who adhere to Sikhism, [86] a religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Guru Nanak. [87]
Jat Sikh or Jatt Sikh (Gurmukhi: ਜੱਟ ਸਿੱਖ) is an ethnoreligious group, a subgroup of the Jat people whose traditional religion is Sikhism, originating from the Indian subcontinent. They are one of the dominant communities in the Punjab, India , owing to their large land holdings. [ 2 ]
Nanakpanthi [1] (Gurmukhi: ਨਾਨਕਪੰਥੀ; nānakapathī, "follower of the way of life of Nanak"), [2] also known as Nanakshahi, [3] is a syncretist movement which follows Guru Nanak (1469–1539), the founder of Sikhism, but without necessarily formally identifying as being Sikh in terms of religious affiliation, as it's the case with numerous Punjabi Hindus and Sindhi Hindus.
The dharmarth grants issued by Sikh states were similar to the madad-i-ma'ash grants of the Mughals. [12] A key difference however was the proportion of revenue alienated by the way of jagir was much smaller during Sikh-rule in-comparison to Mughal-rule. [12]
The 1960s saw growing animosity and rioting between Punjabi Sikhs and Hindus in India, [232] as the Punjabi Sikhs agitated for the creation of a Punjabi Sikh majority state, an undertaking which was promised to the Sikh leader Master Tara Singh by Nehru in return for Sikh political support during the negotiations for Indian Independence. [233]