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A troglobite (or, formally, troglobiont) is an animal species, or population of a species, strictly bound to underground habitats, such as caves.These are separate from species that mainly live in above-ground habitats but are also able to live underground (eutroglophiles), and species that are only cave visitors (subtroglophiles and trogloxenes). [1]
Caves tend to be geologically short-lived, so most of the specialised adaptations are correspondingly young in evolutionary terms and to have arisen rapidly and in parallel from similar ancestors that began as similar troglophiles in separated caves. Many insect troglobites are Orthopteran, Collembolan, or Blattodean, for example, and given the ...
Troglomorphism is the morphological adaptation of an animal to living in the constant darkness of caves, characterised by features such as loss of pigment, reduced eyesight or blindness, and frequently with attenuated bodies or appendages.
Light becomes scarcer in the twilight zone. The transition zone is almost completely dark; however some outside environmental effects can still be felt. Finally, the deep cave zone is completely dark, relatively stable, and exhibits no evaporation. Troglobites are usually found in the deep cave zone.
Cave dwelling animals show different levels of adaptations to underground environment. According to a recent classification, animals living in terrestrial subterranean habitats can be classified into 3 categories, based on their ecology: troglobionts (or troglobites): species strongly bound to subterranean habitats;
Tooth Cave pseudoscorpions fall under the category of troglobites, which are species that spend their entire lives in caves. Some distinct features of troglobites include attenuated palps and long, slender appendages. [5] Tooth Cave pseudoscorpions are large for cave-dwelling species in this area, measuring about 4 mm (0.15 in) in length.
Cancrocaeca is known only from fresh water in three karstic caves in Maros Regency, Sulawesi (). [1] At the time of its discovery, no troglobitic members of the family Hymenosomatidae were known, although Danièle Guinot had predicted in 1988 that the family was a likely candidate to produce troglobites. [3]
Geophilus hadesi is a species of soil centipede in the family Geophilidae. [1] [2] This centipede is a troglobite, spending its entire life cycle in a cave environment.This species and Geophilus persephones are the only two troglobites known in the order Geophilomorpha.