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The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies greatly, depending on the size of the organism, the environment in which it lives and its evolutionary ...
A lot of changes in upper respiratory tract and head: 19:27, 13 December 2007: 800 × 900 (330 KB) LadyofHats {{Information |Description=numbered version of Image:Respiratory system complete.svg |Source=self-made |Date=dec 2007 |Author= LadyofHats |Permission=Public domain |other_versions=<gallery> Image:Respiratory system complete.svg|en
In mammals and most other tetrapods, two lungs are located near the backbone on either side of the heart. Their function in the respiratory system is to extract oxygen from the atmosphere and transfer it into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere, in a process of gas exchange. Respiration is ...
The anatomy of a typical mammalian respiratory system, below the structures normally listed among the "upper airways" (the nasal cavities, the pharynx, and larynx), is often described as a respiratory tree or tracheobronchial tree (figure on the left). Larger airways give rise to branches that are slightly narrower, but more numerous than the ...
English: The respiratory system consists of the airways, the lungs, and the respiratory muscles that mediate the movement of air into and out of the body. Español : Diagrama esquemático del sistema respiratorio humano , mostrando los pulmones , los alvéolos , y los músculos que permiten al aire entrar y salir del cuerpo.
Diagram showing the general layout of air sacs in a bird. Birds have a system of air sacs in their ventilation system. [2] The air sacs work to produce a unidirectional flow where air enters and exits the lung at the same rate, contrasting the lungs of other tetrapods such as mammals where air enters and exits the lung in a tidal ventilation.
In the mammalian respiratory system, eupnea is normal, good, healthy and unlabored breathing, sometimes known as quiet breathing or a resting respiratory rate. In eupnea, expiration employs only the elastic recoil of the lungs. Eupnea is the unaffected natural breathing in all mammals, including humans.
A complicated system of valves and air sacs cycles air constantly over the absorption surfaces of the lungs so allowing maximal efficiency of gaseous exchange. Thus, birds do not have the reciprocal tidal breathing flow of mammals. On careful dissection, around eight air sacs can be clearly seen. They extend quite far caudally into the abdomen ...