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During the 13th and 14th centuries, the Mongols launched massive invasions of the territory of Circassia and Alania. [1] William of Rubruck , who travelled to the Caucasus in 1253, [ 2 ] wrote that the Circassians had never "bowed to Mongol rule", despite the fact that a whole fifth of the Mongol armies were at that time devoted to the task of ...
Saint Margaret (January 27, 1242 – January 18, 1271), a daughter of Béla IV and Maria Laskarina, was born in Klis Fortress during the Mongol invasion of Hungary-Croatia in 1242. [34] Historians estimate that up to half of Hungary's two million population at that time were killed during the Mongol invasion of Europe. [35]
The Mongols (2nd ed. 2007) Rossabi, Morris. The Mongols: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford University Press, 2012) Saunders, J. J. The History of the Mongol Conquests (2001) excerpt and text search; Srodecki, Paul. Fighting the ‘Eastern Plague'. Anti-Mongol Crusade Ventures in the Thirteenth Century. In: The Expansion of the Faith.
1241–1242: Mongol invasion of Croatia and Dalmatia [1] 1258–1259: Mongol invasions of Lithuania (second). 1258–1260: Second Mongol invasion of Poland (including Halych-Volhynia and Lithuania). 1275, 1279, 1325: Mongol invasions of Lithuania (reprises). 1284–1285: Second Mongol invasion of Hungary. 1287–1288: Third Mongol invasion of ...
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The remainder of the Mongol army retreated to Cilician Armenia, where they were received and re-equipped by Hethum I. [43] Ain Jalut marked a major turning point in the history of the Mongols, as it was the first major battle that they had lost, and set the western border for what had seemed an unstoppable expansion of the Mongol Empire.
Mongol cavalry figurine, Yuan dynasty During the Mongol invasions and conquests, which began under Genghis Khan in 1206–1207, the Mongol army conquered most of continental Asia, including parts of the Middle East, and parts of Eastern Europe, with further (albeit eventually unsuccessful) military expeditions to various other regions including Japan, Indonesia and India.
An invasion is a military offensive in which sizable number of combatants of one geopolitical entity aggressively enter territory controlled by another such entity, generally with the objectives of establishing or re-establishing control, retaliation for real or perceived actions, liberation of previously lost territory, forcing the partition of a country, gaining concessions or access to ...