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The principle of convenience can be used to guide the design of the tax structure in the following ways: A general tax on benefits - taxing benefits would adjust taxes to each taxpayer's demand for public goods. Given the diversity of preferences, a universal tax formula would not be sufficient for all individuals.
The principal ideas behind functional finance can be summarized as: [2] Governments have to intervene in the national and global economy; these economies are not self-regulating. The principal economic objective of the state should be to ensure a prosperous economy. Money is a creature of the state; it has to be managed.
Applying the above economic concepts, we may then derive various economic-and financial models and principles. As above, the two usual areas of focus are Asset Pricing and Corporate Finance, the first being the perspective of providers of capital, the second of users of capital.
Models include simple theoretical models, often containing only a few equations, used in teaching and research to highlight key basic principles, and larger applied quantitative models used by e.g. governments, central banks, think tanks and international organisations to predict effects of changes in economic policy or other exogenous factors ...
The benefit principle is a concept in the theory of taxation from public finance. It bases taxes to pay for public-goods expenditures on a politically-revealed willingness to pay for benefits received. The principle is sometimes likened to the function of prices in allocating private goods. [1]
The theory of the firm consists of a number of economic theories that explain and predict the nature of the firm, company, or corporation, including its existence, behaviour, structure, and relationship to the market. [1] Firms are key drivers in economics, providing goods and services in return for monetary payments and rewards.
Principles of Corporate Finance is a reference work on the corporate finance theory edited by Richard Brealey, Stewart Myers, Franklin Allen, and Alex Edmans. [1] [2] The book is one of the leading texts that describes the theory and practice of corporate finance. It was initially published in October 1980 and now is available in its 14th edition.
An agency cost is an economic concept that refers to the costs associated with the relationship between a "principal" (an organization, person or group of persons), and an "agent". The agent is given powers to make decisions on behalf of the principal. However, the two parties may have different incentives and the agent generally has more ...