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M82, a starburst galaxy that has ten times the star formation of a "normal" galaxy [111] Stars are created within galaxies from a reserve of cold gas that forms giant molecular clouds. Some galaxies have been observed to form stars at an exceptional rate, which is known as a starburst. If they continue to do so, they would consume their reserve ...
The discovery of the star in the Milky Way Galaxy suggests that the galaxy may be at least 3 billion years older than previously thought. [265] [266] [267] Several individual stars have been found in the Milky Way's halo with measured ages very close to the 13.80-billion-year age of the Universe.
The observable universe contains as many as an estimated 2 trillion galaxies [36] [37] [38] and, overall, as many as an estimated 10 24 stars [39] [40] – more stars (and, potentially, Earth-like planets) than all the grains of beach sand on planet Earth. [41] [42] [43] Other estimates are in the hundreds of billions rather than trillions.
Below are lists of the largest stars currently known, ordered by radius and separated into categories by galaxy. The unit of measurement used is the radius of the Sun (approximately 695,700 km ; 432,300 mi ).
It is unclear whether the Triangulum Galaxy is a companion of the Andromeda Galaxy; the two galaxies are 750,000 light years apart, [7] and experienced a close passage 2–4 billion years ago which triggered star formation across Andromeda's disk.
The existence of these relatively young stars was a surprise to experts, who expected the tidal forces from the central black hole to prevent their formation. [48] This paradox of youth is even stronger for stars that are on very tight orbits around Sagittarius A*, such as S2 and S0-102.
Listed below are galaxies with diameters greater than 700,000 light-years. This list uses the mean cosmological parameters of the Lambda-CDM model based on results from the 2015 Planck collaboration, where H 0 = 67.74 km/s/Mpc, Ω Λ = 0.6911, and Ω m = 0.3089. [3]
Messier 82 (also known as NGC 3034, Cigar Galaxy or M82) is a starburst galaxy approximately 12 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major. It is the second-largest member of the M81 Group , with the D 25 isophotal diameter of 12.52 kiloparsecs (40,800 light-years ).