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The atlanto-occipital joint allows the head to nod up and down on the vertebral column. The dens acts as a pivot that allows the atlas and attached head to rotate on the axis, side to side. The atlas's chief peculiarity is that it has no body, [3] which has fused with the next vertebra. [4]
The four main divisions of the spinal column, from top to bottom: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral. The lateral grey column (lateral column, lateral cornu, lateral horn of spinal cord, intermediolateral column) is one of the three grey columns of the spinal cord (which give the shape of a butterfly); the others being the anterior and posterior grey columns.
The sacrum is a complex structure providing support for the spine and accommodation for the spinal nerves. It also articulates with the hip bones. The sacrum has a base, an apex, and three surfaces – a pelvic, dorsal and a lateral surface. The base of the sacrum, which is broad and expanded, is directed upward and forward.
The vertebral column, also known as the spinal column, spine or backbone, is the core part of the axial skeleton in vertebrate animals.The vertebral column is the defining and eponymous characteristic of the vertebrate endoskeleton, where the notochord (an elastic collagen-wrapped glycoprotein rod) found in all chordates has been replaced by a segmented series of mineralized irregular bones ...
Foramen transversarium, one of a pair of openings in each cervical vertebra, in which the vertebral artery travels; Greater sciatic foramen, a major foramen of the pelvis; Interventricular foramen, channels connecting ventricles in the brain; Intervertebral foramen, foramina formed between vertebrae
The cranial cavity is a large, bean-shaped cavity filling most of the upper skull where the brain is located. The spinal cavity is the very narrow, thread-like cavity running from the cranial cavity down the entire length of the spinal cord. In the dorsal cavity, the cranial cavity houses the brain, and the spinal cavity encloses the spinal ...
stabilizes vertebrae in local movements of vertebral column: 2 1 multifidus thoracis Torso, Back, right/left sacrum, erector spinae aponeurosis, PSIS, and iliac crest: spinous process: posterior branch of spinal nerve: stabilizes vertebrae in local movements of vertebral column: 2 1 multifidus colli Torso, Back, right/left
Spine (vertebral column) A fully grown adult features 26 bones in the spine, whereas a child can have 33. ... Lateral cuneiform bone (2) Cuboid bone (2) Metatarsals ...