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During the earliest Chinese antiquity, Chinese society focused on women. Family names often passed from women to their children. Because of this phenomenon, these eight surnames have a component of their hanzi representing the character woman (女). [1] [4] As of 2019, very few people had one of these surnames as a family name. [2]
Chinese surnames have a history of over 3,000 years. Chinese mythology, however, reaches back further to the legendary figure Fuxi (with the surname Feng), who was said to have established the system of Chinese surnames to distinguish different families and prevent marriage of people with the same family names. [8]
Jí is the Mandarin pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname written 姞 in Chinese character. It is romanized as Chi in Wade–Giles, and Gat in Cantonese. [1] One of the Eight Great Surnames of Chinese Antiquity, Ji 姞 is an uncommon surname today. It is not listed in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames. [2]
Jǐ is the Mandarin pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname written 己 in Chinese character. It is romanized as Chi in Wade–Giles. One of the ancient ancestral names, Ji is an uncommon surname today. It is not listed in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames. [1]
Gui (traditional Chinese: 媯 / 嬀; simplified Chinese: 妫; pinyin: Guī; Wade–Giles: Kuei 1) is an ancient Chinese surname. It was the xing surname of the rulers of the State of Chen and of Tian Qi. The Gui (媯) clan was said to have descended from the legendary sage king Emperor Shun.
In Zhou dynasty China, noble families usually had two surnames: clan name (氏) and lineage name (姓). Shen Zhuliang, from a cadet branch of the ruling house of Chu, shared the lineage name of Mi (芈) of the Chu kings. He also inherited the clan name of Shen from his father, but his fame led some of his descendants to adopt Ye as their clan name.
It is the 5th name on the Hundred Family Surnames poem. The Korean surname, "Joo" or "Ju", and The Vietnamese surname, "Châu" or "Chu", are both derived from and written with the same Chinese character (周). The character also means "around". Zhōu also stands for other, rare Chinese family names, 舟, 州，and 洲.
Hundred Family Surnames poem written in Chinese characters and Phagspa script, from Shilin Guangji written by Chen Yuanjing in the Yuan dynasty. The Hundred Family Surnames (Chinese: 百家姓), commonly known as Bai Jia Xing, [1] also translated as Hundreds of Chinese Surnames, [2] is a classic Chinese text composed of common Chinese surnames.
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