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Leonidas I (/ l i ə ˈ n aɪ d ə s,-d æ s /; Ancient Greek: Λεωνίδας, Leōnídas; born c. 540 BC; died 11 August 480 BC) was king of the Ancient Greek city-state of Sparta. He was the son of king Anaxandridas II and the 17th king of the Agiad dynasty, a Spartan royal house which claimed descent from the mythical demigod Heracles.
For most of its history, the ancient Greek city-state of Sparta in the Peloponnese was ruled by kings. Sparta was unusual among the Greek city-states in that it maintained its kingship past the Archaic age. It was even more unusual in that it had two kings simultaneously, who were called the archagetai, [1] [n 1] coming from two separate lines.
Leon of Sparta: King Anaxandridas II: Wife of Leon: King Cleomenes I of Sparta: Daughter of Prinetades: Gorgo, Queen of Sparta: Wife of Cleomenes: Pleistarchus: Wife of Eurycratides: Leon of Sparta: Eurycratides of Sparta: King Anaxandridas II of Sparta: Wife of Leon: Leonidas I, King of Sparta: Niece of Anaxandridas
Leonidas is a sculpture of a hoplite made of Parian marble in 480–470 BC [1]: 263 and unearthed in 1925. [1] The excavation team named it "Leonidas", deducing that it depicts the Spartan king Leonidas I. [1]: 266 It was found southwest of peribolos of the Athena Chalkioikos on the Acropolis of Sparta.
The hypothetical founder of the dynasty was Agis I, possibly the first king of Sparta at the end of the 10th century BC, who subsequently gave his name to the dynasty. The two lines, who maintained an enduring rivalry, were, according to tradition, respectively descended from the twins Eurysthenes and Procles , both descendants of Heracles .
Cleomenes was born in Sparta to the future Agiad king Leonidas II and his wife Cratesicleia. The exact year of Cleomenes' birth is unknown but historian Peter Green puts it between 265 BC and 260 BC.
Leonidas was the son of Cleonymus and grandson of King Cleomenes II (r. 370–309) of the Agiad dynasty, one of the two royal families of Sparta (the other being the Eurypontids). [1] [2] Leonidas II was raised at the Seleucid court, and according to Plutarch's Life of Agis IV, he married a Persian woman.
Cleombrotus II ordered into banishment by Leonidas II king of Sparta, Pelagio Palagi (1775-1860). Cleombrotus and Chilonis. Cleombrotus II (Greek: Κλεόμβροτος Β΄) was a Spartan king of the Agiad dynasty. He married into the royal family via the daughter of Leonidas II, Chilonis. Chilonis's mother was a Persian/Seleucid woman, and ...